CHAP. II.] RUTA BAG A CULTURE. 165 



enough, are not so steady as oxen, which are 

 more patient also, arid with which you may 

 send the plough-share down without any of the 



are awkward. They occupy a wide space, and one of \hern 

 is obliged to walk upon the ploughed land, which, besides 

 making the ridge uneven at top, presses the ground, which is 

 injurious. For ploughing between the rows of turnips and 

 Indian corn also, what a great convenience this will be ! An 

 ox goes steadier than a horse, and will plough deeper, without 

 fretting and without tearing ; and he wants neither harness" 

 maker nor groom. The plan of my yoke I toek from TULL. 

 I showed it to my workman, who chopped off the limb of a 

 tree, and made the yoke in an hour. It is a piece of wood, 

 with two holes to receive two ropes, about three quarters of 

 an inch in diameter. These traces are fastened into the 

 yoke merely by a knot, which prevents the ends from passing 

 through the holes, while the other ends are fastened to the 

 two ends of a Wiffle-tree, as it is called in Long Island, of a 

 Wipple-tree as it is called in Kent, and of a Wippauce, as it is 

 called in Hampshire. I am but a poor draftsman ; but, if the 

 printer can find any thing to make the representation with, 

 the following draft will clearly show what I have meant to de 

 scribe in words 



When the corn (Indian) and turnips get to a size, sufficient 

 to attract the appetite of the ox, you have only to put on a 

 muzzle. This is what Mr. TULL did ; for, though we ought 

 not to muzzle the ox " as he treadeth out the corn" we may 

 do it, even for his own sake, amongst other considerations, 

 when he is assisting us to bring the crop to perfection. 



