412 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [N.S., 23, 1921 



the lower leaves more distinctly petioled, while the glandular hairs 

 often have a swollen, bladdery base which, in collapse, gives a blistery 

 appearance. This appearance is of the greatest service in identifying 

 fragments, particularly of the calyx parts. The plant itself is tall, 

 erect, and often slender, although very robust plants are found in 

 favorable localities. 



One of the least satisfactorily known species of Nicotiana in 

 North America is N. Clevelandii Gray. I know of this species only 

 through the dried specimens in the different herbaria in this country. 

 The specimens referred to this species even by Gray himself vary so 

 considerably that I feel much doubt as to the exact nature of the 

 specific characters. I have attempted to obtain plants and seeds from 

 students who might be in a position to collect them, but without suc 

 cess. N. Clevelandii seems to have some characters similar to those 

 considered peculiar to N. attenuata and other characters similar to 

 those of N. Bigelovii var. Wallacei. Some specimens referred to 

 N. Clevelandii have more the general appearance of one of the two 

 species just mentioned, while others are very much more like the 

 other of the two. One suggestion which seems probable is that these 

 puzzling plants are hybrid derivatives of the two species which they 

 resemble. So far as may be determined, N. Clevelandii is confined 

 to the coastward side of southern California, extending from Santa 

 Barbara to San Diego. The relation to aboriginal use or culture of 

 this species is as unsettled as its botanical status. Rothrock 1 states 

 that he found N. Clevelandii only in association with shell heaps in 

 the neighborhood of Santa Barbara, California, and, on account of 

 the tobacco pipes found in the same heaps, suggests that this may be 

 the species used by the tribes of Indians who made the pipes. Pos 

 sibly, also, this may be the tobacco mentioned by Sparkman 2 as hav 

 ing been formerly used by the Luiseno Indians of southern California 

 and called in their language " pavivut." 



There is a very interesting species, of striking appearance, Nico 

 tiana trigonophylla, in the southwestern United States, ranging from 



i Botany, in Report U. S. Geoff. Surveys West of the looth Meridian in charge 

 of First Lieut. George M. Wheeler, vol. vi, p. 48, 1878. 



2 The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, Univ. Calif. Pub., Amer. Archaeol. 

 and Ethnol., vol. 8, p. 229, 1908. 



