SUBMAXILLARY GANGLION. 



625 



Branches of communication. This ganglion is connected with the inferior 

 maxillary nerve, and its internal pterygoid branch, by two or three short, deli- 

 cate filaments, and also with the auriculo-temporal nerve : from the former it 

 obtains its motor ; from the latter, its sensory root ; its communication with 

 the sympathetic being effected by a filament from the plexus surrounding the 

 middle meningeal artery. This ganglion also communicates with the glosso- 

 pharyngeal and facial nerves, through the small petrosal nerve continued from 

 the tympanic plexus. 



Its branches of distribution are a filament to the Tensor Tympani, and one to 

 the Tensor Palati. The former passes backwards, on the outer side of the 

 Eustachian tube; the latter arises from the ganglion, near the origin of the in- 

 ternal pterygoid nerve, and passes forwards. 



SUBMAXILLARY GANGLION. 



The Submaxillary Ganglion (Fig. 344) is of small size, circular in form, and 

 situated above the deep portion of the submaxillary gland, near the posterior 

 border of the Mylo-hyoid muscle, being connected by filaments with the lower 

 border of the gustatory nerve. 



Branches of communication. This ganglion is connected with the gustatory 

 nerve by a few filaments which join it separately, at its fore and back part. It 

 also receives a branch from the chorda tympani, by which it communicates with 

 the facial ; and communicates with the sympathetic by filaments from the nervi 

 molles the sympathetic plexus around the facial artery. 



Branches of distribution. These are five or six in number ; they arise from 

 the lower part of the ganglion, and supply the mucous membrane of the mouth 

 and Wharton's duct, some being lost in the submaxillary gland. According to 

 Meckel, a branch from this ganglion occasionally descends in front of the Hyo- 

 glossus muscle, and, after joining with one from the hypoglossal, passes to the 

 Genio-hyo-glossus muscle. 



EIGHTH PAIR. 



The Eighth Pair consists of three nerves, the glosso-pharyngeal, pneumogas- 

 tric, and spinal accessory. 



The Glosso-pharyngeal Nerve is distributed, as its name implies, to the tongue 

 and pharynx, being the nerve of sensation to the mucous membrane of the 

 pharynx, fauces, and tonsil; of motion to the 



pharvngeal muscles ; and a special nerve of taste 

 ,, ,-P ,, ,t > i , j- , 



in all the parts or the tongue to which it is distri- 

 buted. It is the smallest of the three divisions of 

 the eighth pair, and arises by three or four fila- 

 ments, closely connected together, from the upper 

 part of the medulla oblongata, immediately behind 

 the olivary body. 



Its deep origin may be traced through the fasci- 

 culi of the lateral tract, to a nucleus of gray matter 

 at the lower part of the floor of the fourth ven- 

 tricle, external to the fasciculi teretes. From its 

 superficial origin, it passes outwards across the 

 flocculus, and leaves the skull at the central part 

 of the jugular foramen, in a separate sheath of the dura mater and arachnoid, 

 in front of the pneumogastric and spinal accessory nerves. In its passage 

 through the jugular foramen, it grooves the lower border of the petrous por- 

 tion of the temporal bone ; and, at its exit from the skull, passes forwards 

 between the jugular vein and internal carotid artery, and descends in front of 

 the latter vessel, and beneath the styloid process and the muscles connected 

 with it, to the lower border of the Stylo-pharyngeus. The nerve now curves 

 40 



g. 347. Nerves of the Eighth 

 Pair, their Origin, Ganglia, and 

 Communications. 



fuyular- R/ta$t. 



Gangl. 



fniianc -gattrl* 



