32 EEPOET OF THE BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



during the year, and these herds contained 2,508 animals, 581 of 

 which were pronounced diseased when the inspection was made. There 

 were purchased for slaughter during the same time 502 affected cat- 

 tle, at a cost of $12,325.50, an* average of $24.55 per head ; also 945 

 exposed cattle, at a cost of $25, 512. 50, an average of $27. 10. The higher 

 average cost of exposed cattle in New Jersey as compared with New 

 York is due to the greater difficulty of disposing of the carcasses of 

 such animals, and the smaller amounts which, for that reason, were 

 realized. 



It has been found necessary to disinfect 275 stables, stock-yards, 

 and other premises, and also to make post-mortem examinations upon 

 the carcasses of 6,846 bovine animals, of which 514 were found dis- 

 eased with pleuro-pneumonia. 



The total expenses in New Jersey, from January 1 to November 

 30, 1888, have been $85,111.60, of which $37,838 was paid for cattle 

 purchased for slaughter because they were either diseased or had 

 been exposed. 



New Jersey is believed to be nearly free from the disease, as but 

 few new herds have been reported during the last sixty days. A 

 large distillery herd is now being slaughtered, and this, with two 

 , small diseased herds, constitutes all the infected premises now known 

 in the State. It will,, however, bo necessary to maintain a force in 

 New Jersey until the plague is eradicated from all parts of New 

 York, or the contagion will be again introduced by the movement of 

 cattle. It is also possible that the disease may be found in the 

 dairies about Newark, but our investigations up to this time have 

 not revealed it. 



WORK IN PENNSYLVANIA. 



Previous to 1888 the State authorities of Pennsylvania did not ac- 

 cept the rules and regulations of the Department of Agriculture, 

 nor agree to co-operate with the Department for the suppression of 

 pleuro-pneumonia. They, however, expressed a willingness to have 

 the inspectors of the Department make an investigation of alleged 

 outbreaks of the disease, and of its prevalence in any part of the 

 State. Two inspectors were detailed for such investigation in the 

 month of October, 1887, and remained there continuously after 

 that time. They found no herds affected with the plague except 

 such as were known to the State authorities, and but very few of 

 these. 



There was much anxiety felt in many parts of the country in 

 regard to the existence of pleuro-pneumonia in Pennsylvania. It 

 would appear from the official information obtained by this Depart- 

 ment that the extent of the disease in that State had been greatly 

 overestimated. Unfortunately, the authorities in charge of this work 

 in Pennsylvania had opinions as to the measures necessary to erad- 

 icate the disease which were not shared by the authorities of other 

 States, or by the majority of the veterinary profession. They not 

 only. practiced inoculation, but they spared those animals which were 

 mildly affected, and after the ordinary period of quarantine allowed 

 them to mingle again with other cattle and to be sent to the markets 

 of that or other States. Such inoculated and convalescent cattle are 

 almost universally regarded as dangerous and capable of communi- 

 cating the contagion to others for an indefinite period. So much 

 alarm was expressed because of the danger of the plague being 



