REPORT OF THE 'BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 93 



inguinals considerably tumefied, of a mottled, pale-red color. Digestive tract. 

 Stomach distended with food, cardiac expansion softened and apparently macer- 

 ated. In the large intestine the mucosa was roughened and covered with pig- 

 ment spots 1 millimeter to 2 millimeters diameter, giving the whole membrane a 

 dark appearance. In the blind end of the caecum, and in several of the saccular 

 dilatations of the colon the mucous membrane is superficially eroded, giving rise 

 to circular, shallow ulcers covered with a whitish deposit. The lungs were exten- 

 sively hepatized. The solidified portions involved the same regions as those hereto- 

 fore described cephalic and ventral lobes and the ventral portions of principal 

 lobes. Only a small area of the principal lobe presents the bright red ground 

 mottled with grayish points. The remainder of the solidified lung tissue is of a 

 uniform greenish, waxy tint, both on surface and section ; the bronchi plugged 

 with mucus. In those portions of the principal lobe which appear normal are 

 scattered groups of hepatized lobules. Cover-glass preparations from the diseased 

 regions of older date show chiefly pus corpuscles with irregular fragmentary 

 nucleus staining well in methylene blue. On one cover-glass was found a large 

 colony of minute bacteria resembling those of swine plague. 



In sections from the hepatized lobes the alveoli were found, as usual, filled with 

 cellular elements. Among these chains of streptococci, consisting of at least 15 to 

 30 cocci, \vere found. In some alveoli only a few were present, in others a consid- 

 erable number of interlacing chains could be seen. This streptococcus, which stains 

 very well, according to Gram, will receive more attention later on. No groups of 

 cocci resembling those of the f wine plague bacteria could be found in the few sec- 

 tions examined. 



Cultures from spleen and liver were found to contain several kinds of bacteria. 

 A tube culture in gelatine of heart's blood remained permanently free from bac- 

 terial growth. 



From a cheesy mass in the lungs a large white rabbit was inoculated in both ears. 

 On the following day both were swollen, red, and drooping back. A few days later 

 they were again normal, and although rather quiet and stupid it seemed well. On 

 the eighth day it was found dead. 



Slight swelling about lancet puncture on which there is some dried blood. Ear 

 otherwise normal, a few strings of fibrin on intestines, spleen enormously en- 

 larged. Liver dotted with areas of coagulation-necrosis 1 millimeter to 2 millime- 

 ters across. Extensive pericarditis, the two layers of the pericardium firmly ad- 

 herent. Pleuritis on both sides. The lesions were those caused by hog cholera 

 bacteria, and these microbes were found in large number in spleen and liver. 

 Only a few in the pericardial exudate, none in blood. Gelatine cultures of spleen 

 and liver and three beef infusion cultures of blood from the heart contained the 

 motile hog cholera bacteria only. 



Pig No. 409, died March 20. 



I I 



lung lung tissue 



mouse car of rabbit March 22 



(no result) died March 30 



I 



cultures contain only 

 hog cholera bacteria 



Another animal (No. 410) from the same farm and herd was attacked with a severe 

 skin disease, in which a large area of the skin of the back came away as a slough, 

 exposing the muscular tissue beneath. The animal became reduced and was found 

 dead March 29. 



The ventral aspect of the body and limbs covered with round, slightly-raised 

 scabs, about one-fourth inch in diameter, with bluish-red border. The scab, con- 

 sisting merely of epidermis easily torn away, covers a deep-red surface. The ex- 

 tensive sloughs on the back have already been mentioned. Stomach filled with a 

 turbid liquid, the membrane of fundus reddened and covered with tenacious mucus, 

 which it is almost impossible to scrape away. Mucosa of large intestines of a deep 

 red throughout made up of crowded bright red points. No ulceration. Lungs not 

 collapsed; left hypostatic. Both principal lobes oedematous; cephalic half of right 

 lung emphysematous. Hepatization involves, in the right lung, only the extreme 

 tip of cephalic lobe, one-half of ventral lobe, and the ventro-cephalic corner of 

 principal lobe; in the left lung only a few lobules of the ventral lobe. The small 



