392 EEPOET OF THE BUREAU OF ATSTMAL INDUSTRY. 



37 cows and heifers have made records that average 17,064 pounds 

 of milk in one year. 



25 cows and heifers have made records that average 18,034 pounds 

 of milk in one year. 



9 cows and heifers have made records that average 20,231 pounds 

 of milk in one year. 



In 1881 the entire herd of mature cows averaged 14,165 pounds of 

 milk. 



In 1885 the entire herd of mature cows, 20 in number, averaged 

 15,568 pounds of milk. 



In 1886 the entire herd of mature cows averaged 17,166 pounds 

 of milk. 



As to butter the records of this same herd are as follows: 



100 cows and heifers have made average records of 17 pounds, 1 

 ounce. 



52 cows and heifers have made average records of 20 pounds, 10 

 ounces. 



40 cows and heifers have made -average records of 21 pounds, 1 

 ounce. 



31 cows and heifers have made average records of 22 pounds. 



22 cows and heifers have made average records of 23 pounds, 1 

 ounce. 



15 cows and heifers have made average records of 24 pounds. 



8 three-year old heifers have made average records of 20 pounds, 



2 ounces. 



23 three-year old heifers have made average records of 17 pounds. 



10 two-year old heifers have made average records of 14 pounds, 



3 ounces. 



38 two-year old heifers have made average records of 12 pounds. 

 All of the above are for periods of one week; for periods of thirty 



days 13 cows and heifers have made average records of 91 pounds, 8 

 ounces. 



A very well known herd of Jerseys is kept in Vermont. The herd 

 numbers over 200, and for several years the average butter product 

 has been over 300 pounds of butter per cow, including old cows and 

 young heifers. 



The enumeration of herds with similar records might be almost 

 indefinitely extended. The above are given merely as well authen- 

 ticated instances. For individual records the following might be 

 named: 30,000 pounds of milk in a year; 778 pounds of butter in a 

 year; 106 pounds of butter in a month; 112 pounds of milk in a day; 

 46, 35, and 28 pounds of butter in a week, etc. 



As has already been said, while a great majority of the dairy cat- 

 tle have had no attention paid to their breeding, yet there are a very 

 large number of purely-bred cattle belonging to the various dairy 

 breeds, and a still larger number of grades of these breeds, that is, 

 cattle that have been produced by crossing the pure-bred bulls on 

 the common cows. An animal is not usually denominated a grade 

 unless it carries at least one-fourth of the improved blood. From 

 that they run up to seven-eighths, fifteen-sixteenths, and even 

 higher. 



The improved breeds that may be ranked as dairy breeds in the 

 order of numbers are as follows: Jersey, Holstein-Friesian, Short- 

 horn, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Devon, and Red Polled. There are also 

 a small number of representatives of the Brown Swiss, Dutch Belted, 

 and perhaps one or two other breeds. 



