480 KEPOHT OF THE BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



It is not only a few herds that have been troubled, but wherever cattle and horses 

 have been pastured on this low woodland pasture they were affected, and the places 

 where I found the most rust or . fungi on the grasses and weeds were in the close 

 vicinity of old stumps of trees that had been left to decay for years, and near them 

 longer grasses, weeds, etc. , grew, and the vegetation had not been so much disturbed. 

 The nearer the cattle and horses were pastured to the St. Croix Eiver or its tributary 

 streams the more disease appeared. 



Dr. C. N. Hewitt, secretary of State board of health of Minnesota, previously to 

 my arrival at Red Wing, had sent Dr. J. H. Sandberg, an expert botanist, to the 

 affected district. His report of fungi, etc. , discovered there was handed me, and 

 probably led me to more carefully examine the grasses than I ptherwisje would have 

 done; but I had little difficulty in finding any quantity of fungi on the under parts of 

 the leaves of weeds and grasses. The inclosed are some samples I gathered, and I 

 am of an opinion if they are carefully examined under a powerful glass something of 

 an interesting nature may be found. 



GLANDERS. 



On January 11, 1887, Mayor A. H. Hogson, of Athens, Ga., tele- 

 graphed the Department that the entire live-stock of the Athens 

 Street Railway Company was infected with a fearful malady which 

 had been pronounced by competent persons as glanders. He appealed 

 for assistance in suppressing the contagion. On the day following 

 Governor J. B. Gordon telegraphed the Commissioner as follows: 



If you have authority, please dispatch a veterinary surgeon to Athens, Ga., to 

 investigate and suggest remedy for glanders in horses. 



In compliance with the request contained in these telegrams, Dr. 

 W. H. Rose, veterinary inspector of the Bureau, was at once dis- 

 patched to Athens to investigate the cause of the outbreak and sug- 



est such measures as might be deemed necessary for its suppression. 



~is report, which bears date of January 20, 1887, is as follows : 



When I arrived at Athens Mayor A. H. Hogson informed me that all the animals 

 showing symptoms of the disease 7 in all had been killed and burjed on the 14th 

 instant; that 14 had previously died dating from the early part of November 

 making a total loss of 21 mules and horses up to date. The remainder of the animals 

 (21 head) had been taken from the infected ones and subdivided into lots of 5 or 6 head 

 each and placed in new and widely separated stables?, built expressly for their use by 

 order of the mayor. They were located in a large field near the city, and were com- 

 pletely isolated from all other live-stock.' I found 2 of them discharging slightly from 

 the nose. In these animals the only perceptible indication of glanders was an. en- 

 largement of the sub-maxillary glands. They were separated from those showing 

 no symptoms of the malady and placed by themselves until more definite symptoms 

 might appear. Owing to the many conflicting statements of citizens as to the symp- 

 toms of the animals that had died or had been killed, I found it quite difficult to de- 

 termine upon the exact na,ture of the disease. However, I had two of the recently 

 buried mules disinterred, and upon examination I found lesions of farcy along the 

 course of blood-vessels and glands and a few ulcers. Both animals had enlarged 

 sub-maxillary glands attached to the bone, extensive ulceration of septum nasi on 

 both sides, also a number of papules. I regarded these animals as having been af- 

 fected with glanders and farcy of a malignant form. / 



I gave Mayor Hogson such advice as the exigency of the case required, and if fol- 

 lowed the disease will soon be stamped out. 



. February 9, 1887, a number of citizens of Oowala, Cherokee Na- 

 tion, addressed the Department requesting an investigation of a dis- 

 ease among horses something similar to glanders which had baffled 

 all efforts to cure it. The disease, they state, has existed in that 

 country for a number of years, and has caused the loss of a large num- 

 ber of horses. At that time the inspectors of the Bureau were all en- 

 gaged in the work of suppressing pleuro-pneumpnia, and it was found 

 impossible to dispatch a veterinarian to that distant locality. 



Senator Joseph E. Brown, of Georgia, informed the Department in 



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