F. C. R 



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PREFACE. 



Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Reau 

 mur, is introduced for com 

 parison. 



My various sources of infor 

 mation, and the friendly as 

 sistance I have received on all 

 hands during the progress of 

 our work, are acknowledged, so 

 far as possible, in the text. 

 I need here only renew my 

 thanks to Staff-Commander 

 May and the officers of the 

 'Lightning,' and Captain Cal- 

 ver and the officers of the 

 ' Porcupine,' without whose 

 hearty sympathy and co-ope 

 ration our task could never 

 have been satisfactorily accom 

 plished ; to my colleagues, Dr. 

 Carpenter, E.R.S., and Mr. 

 Gwyn Jeffreys, E.R.S., who 

 have cordially assisted me in 

 every way in their power ; and 

 to the naturalists into whose 

 hands the animals of various 

 classes w r ere placed for descrip 

 tion and study, the Rev. A. 

 M_erle Norman, Professor Kol- 

 liker, Dr. Carter, E.R.S., Dr. 

 Allman, E.R.S., Professor Martin Duncan, E.R.S., 



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