CHAPTER IV. 



THE CRUISES OF THE ' PORCUPINE ' (continued}. 



From Shetland to Stornoway. Phosphorescence. The Echinothuridce. 

 The Fauna of the ' Warm Area.'--End of the Cruise of 1869. 

 Arrangements for the Expedition of 1870. From England to 

 Gibraltar. Peculiar Conditions of the Mediterranean. Return to 

 Cowes. 



APPENDIX A. Extracts from the Minutes of Council of the Royal 

 Society, and other official documents referring to the Cruise of 

 H.M.S. 'Porcupine' during the Summer of 1870. 



APPENDIX B. Particulars of Depth, Temperature, and Position at 

 the various Dredging-stations of H.M.S. 'Porcupine' in the 

 Summer of 1870. 



i* The bracketed numbers to the woodcuts in this chapter refer to the drcdging- 

 stations on Plates IV. and V. 



WE left Lerwick on the 31st of August, and ran 

 south- and westward, passing close to Sumhurgh 

 Head ; [Fair Isle, of evil repute among mariners, 

 .ying 011 the southern horizon like a little grey 

 )loud. The weather was still very fine, and we 

 lad a good tossing with scarcely a breath of wind 

 n the famous Roost of Sumhurgh. Past Norna's 

 iyrie on the Fitful Head ; ' past in the falling 

 hadows of the autumn night the rocky Island of 

 ?oula, still the haunt of one or two pairs of the 

 ;reat skua gull, Lcstrls cataractcs, a species fast 



