REPLY TO DB KOCK. 379 



tioned layer of clay was entirely void of even the small 

 est pebbles, whereas, on going to the river, he found the 

 stratum of clay cropping out at the bank, and resting on 

 a layer of shelving rocks of the same kind as the frag 

 ments, from which place it was evident they had been 

 carried to the scene of action. The layer of ashes, &c., 

 varied from two to six inches, from which it may be in 

 ferred that the fire had been kept up for some time. It 

 seemed that the burning of the victim, and the hurling of 

 rocks at it, had not satisfied its destroyers, for he found 

 also among the ashes, bones, and rocks, several arrow 

 heads, a stone spear-head, and some stone axes, which 

 were taken out in the presence of a number of witnesses. 

 This layer of ashes, &c., was covered by strata of allu 

 vial deposits, consisting of clay, sand, and soil, from eight 

 to nine feet thick, forming the bottom of the Bourbeuse, 

 in general, and on the surface, near the centre of the spot 

 on which the animal had perished, was situated the spring, 

 the water of which was used for domestic purposes ; and 

 it was in digging to clear out the spring that the existence 

 of bones there had been first discovered by the owner of 

 the land." 



Now, clear and fairly told as this account of the remains 

 of the mastodon is, combined with the proofs suggested of 

 the concurrent existence of that gigantic creature with 

 man, it is, nevertheless, so at variance with what has been 

 generally believed in regard to such co -existence, that, 

 without in any way doubting the truth of the belief of Dr 

 Albert C. Kock in the inferences he has derived, I am led 

 into the following queries. 



We know that in America and in the grand features of 

 her colossal extent, the sites of rivers, mountains, and rocks 

 have changed, and that she, in common with all the rest 



