82 FISHFS AND FISHING. 



above 644 pages, filled with anonymous cases, has 

 been recently published by John Nottingham, of 

 Liverpool, Licentiate of the Royal College of Phy 

 sicians ! ! and Fellow of the Royal College of 

 Surgeons, England ! ! as appears by the Medical 

 Directory, though not added to his name in the above 

 publication. 



In his preliminary remarks is the following : " In 

 the human being, as well as in the higher vertebrata, 

 the organ of hearing has three important parts. 

 1. An external ear and tube, to receive and transmit 

 sound. 2. A middle ear, or drum, (communicating 

 with the throat) to modify sound, and carry it on 

 wards to, 3, the internal, or true ear, or labyrinth* 

 which receives the expansion of the auditory nerve, 

 through the medium of which it is connected with 

 the brain. This part of the organ is essential to 

 hearing ; the other two parts to the perfection of 

 hearing, as enjoyed by the higher animals. 



" Of the parts above mentioned, fishes possess only 

 the first : reptiles and birds, the first and second ; 

 terrestrial mammalia, the first, second, and third." 



If common language is to be understood, the above 

 assertion is, that fish have ONLY an external ear and 

 tube, to receive and trmmit sound. Now, with the 

 exceptions I have just mentioned, fish possess no ex 

 ternal ear or tube to transmit sound, but fish DO POSSESS 



