748 



GEOLOGY. 



a palm stem with the leaves, appear in the succeeding cut. Professor Kaup gives the 

 following list of remains of quadrupeds found in miocene strata of sand at Epplesheim, 

 to the south of Mayence, and now preserved in the museum at Darmstadt : 



Dinothcrium 



Tapirs 



Chalicotherium 



Rhinoceros 



Tetracaulodon 



Hippotherium 



Sus - 



Felis 



Machairodus 



Gulo 



Agnothcrium 



2 species 



Palmacites Lamanonis. Bulamis crnssns. 



Gigantic herbivorous animals, 15 and 18 feet long. 

 Larger than living species. 

 Allied to the tapir. 



Allied to the mastodon. 



Allied to the horse. 



Hog. 



Large cats, some as large as the lion. 



Allied to the bear Ursus cultridens. 



Glutton. 



Allied to the dog, as large as the lion. 



The most remarkable of these quadrupeds is the Dinotherium, of which the annexed 



view is a restoration, perhaps the largest of 

 all the terrestrial mammalia that ever inha 

 bited the earth. The teeth, first discovered 

 at Grenoble in France, and afterwards in 

 Bavaria and Austria, led Cuvier to describe 

 it as an extinct colossal tapir; but the jaws, 

 skull, and other remains, found at Epplesheim, 

 have enabled Professor Kaup to establish 

 an entirely new genus, bearing an affinity to 

 the mastodon and tapir, and apparently 

 adapted to that lacustrine condition of the 

 earth which seems to have been its marked 

 feature during the deposition of the tertiary 

 strata. The animal had a trunk like the ele 

 phant, with two large tusks at the anterior 

 extremity of the lower jaw, which curved 

 downwards like those of the walrus. Sup 

 posing it to have been an inhabitant of the 

 land, Dr. Buckland remarks upon the mecha 

 nical impossibility of a lower jaw nearly four 

 feet long, loaded with heavy tusks at its ex- 

 Rrstoration and Lower Jaw of the Diuotherium. tremity, being otherwise than excessively 



