798 



Magnesian limestone, composition and 

 localities of, 711. 



Magnesite or meerschaum, 739. 



Magnetic needle, dip of the, 522 ; varia 

 tion of the, 523. 



Magnetism is intimately connected with 

 electricity, 522. 



Magnitude of the stars, 164. 



Magnolias, region of the, 561. 



Mairan, M., his observations on the 

 aurora borealis, 528, 529. 



Malay islands, 591, 592 ; race, the, 

 603, 604. 



Malcolmson, Dr, 472. 



Malpais, a volcanic district in Mexico, 

 240. 



Malte Brun, M., 221, 579, 610. 



Malvern Hills, the, 628, 645, 680 ; fatal 

 storm in the, 520. 



Mam Tor Hill, 407. 



Mammalia, 584591; marine, 578; 

 came after reptiles, 639 ; list of fos 

 sil, 640. 



Mammifers, flying, 591. 



Mammoth, the, 753. 



Man, reflections on his humble and yet 

 exalted nature, 165 ; heedless nature 

 of, 410 ; unreasonable selfishness of, 

 434 ; his position in nature, 595 ; ani 

 mal inferiority and helplessness, 595 ; 

 numerical distribution of, 596 ; adap 

 tability of, to climate, 596 ; classed 

 by nature of food, 597 ; varieties of, 

 698 606 ; longevity, 007 ; compari 

 son of tribes of, 608 ; migrations of, 

 610 ; remains of, 759 ; recent creation 

 of, 784786. 



Manatus Americanus, the, 573. 



Mandia Lake, description and view of, 

 226. 



Mantell, Dr, his Geology of Sussex, 

 388 ; his list of strata and their ani 

 mal remains, 636; his observations 

 on the perfect preservation of fossil 

 animals, 641, 642 ; his geological 

 observations, 677, 729731, 735, 736. 



Marble, its composition, 677 ; statuary, 

 660, 661. 



Marcet, Dr, his analysis of sea-water, 

 329. 



Mareotis, lake of, 397. 



Marine plants, 543, 558 ; alluvium, 772. 



Mariners' lights, 520. 



Maritime or saline plants, 548. 



Mark, tower of St, in Venice, view and 

 particulars of, 521. 



Marley Hill, C79. 



Marmorice Bay, storm at, 479. 



Marriotte, M., his experiments, 263. 



Mars, the planet, C4, 75 ; his distance 

 from the sun, 90 ; once an object of 

 fear, 89; varying distance of, from 

 the earth, 90 ; revolution of, round 

 the sun, 90; diameter, form, and 

 volume of, 90 ; physical constitution 

 of, 90; superficial appearances of, 

 91 ; analogies of, with our earth, 91 ; 

 inclination of, to the earth, 104; 

 relative density of, 106. 



Marsh or swamp plants, 548, 558. 



Marshes and bogs, carburetted hydro 

 gen exhaled from, 545. 



Marsupial animals, family of, 589, 591, 

 725. 



Martial, epigram of, on Vesuvius, 423. 



Martigny, on the Upper Rhone, 413 

 415. 



Martineau, Miss, her visit to Niagara 

 Falls, 290. 



Massachusetts, surface of the State of, 

 has one quarter unstratified, 635; 

 view of erratic blocks in, 751. 



Mastodon, the fossil, 747, 754. 



Matapan, Cape, with Leuctra, view of, 

 198. 



Mather, Dr, 755. 



Matlock, 692, 694 ; waters of, 269. 



Matter ejected from Vesuvius, Etna, 

 the Skaptar Yokul, and Hecla, esti- 



INDEX. 



mated amount of the, 425 ; in the 

 earth's centre, probably in a state of 

 fusion, 643. 



Maundrell, 482. 



Mauritius, the, 452, 453, 592. 



Mauvoisin, Mont, 414. 



Mayer's lunar tables, 44. 



Meadow or pasture plants, 549. 



Mechanical structure of rocks, 624. 



Mediterranean Sea, its colour, 331 ; its 

 extent, depths, and peculiarities, 336, 

 346 348; is almost without tides, 

 357, 404; hot winds in the, 449; 

 water-spouts in the, 458 ; flora of the 

 isles of, 560 ; fish of the, 577. 



Meerschaum, or magnesite, 739. 



Megalonyx, the, 758. 



Megalosaurus, 725. 



Megatherium, the, 614, 757 ; skeleton 

 of the, 641. 



Melanic, or dark-haired races of man 

 kind, 599. 



Melville Island, register of cold expe 

 rienced at, 506 ; carboniferous for 

 mation in, 515 ; plants of, 547, 786. 



Memnon, head of, 645. 



Mendip Hills, the, 692, 697 ; section of 

 the, 698. 



Mer de Glace at Montanvert, 341 ; view 

 of the, 647, 648. 



Mercury, the planet, 64 ; its distance 

 from the sun, 64, 65 ; is the smallest 

 yet swiftest planet in our solar sys 

 tem, 64 ; its extreme density, 64 ; 

 length of its days and nights, 64; 

 its probable light and heat, 65; 

 shews phases like the moon, 65; 

 transits the solar disk, 65, 66 ; incli 

 nation of, to the earth, 104 ; density 

 of, 106. 



Meredith, Mrs, her account of a sirocco 

 at Sydney, 450 ; of columns of dust in 

 the air, 457. 



Merrimac River, 776. 



Mesembryanthema, botanical region of 

 the, 562. 



Mesozoic period, 638. 



Messier, M., the "comet-ferret," 118; 

 his list of nebulae, 182. 



Messina, earthquake of, 433 ; fata 

 morgana between, and Reggio, 638 

 540. 



Metallic bases, 623. 



Metals, the various simple, 623, 624 ; 

 localities and extent of the veins of, 

 633 ; localities of, in various rocks, 

 634 ; but origin of obscure, although 

 probably igneous, 635 ; almost all 

 found in gneiss, 658 ; found in the 

 Carboniferous system, 690. 



Meteor, a remarkable, in 1718, 131. 



Meteora, view of the granitic rocks of, 

 621. 



Meteoric showers. See Stars, fal 

 ling. 



Mexico, varying climates of, 489, 492 ; 

 atmospheric phenomena seen by 

 Humboldt in, 530 ; wheat first sown 

 in, 567 ; abundant crops of, in, 570 ; 

 gold found in, 634 ; Gulf of, 302, 591, 

 693. 



Meyendorff, Baron, 324. 



Mica, 644, 659 ; its nature, and where 

 found, 623 ; used in Russia for 

 glazing, 625. 



Mica-schist system, 638, 642, 659662 ; 

 illustrated, 658. 



Michaelis, cited by Salverte, 522. 



Michael's Mount, St, 388. 



Michael's, Island of St, boiling foun 

 tains in, 271 ; its orange-trees, 570. 



Micrometer, its discovery, loss, and re 

 discovery, 32. 



Microscopic fossil animals, perfect pre 

 servation of, 641. 



Middle ages, in Europe, a time of astro 

 logical delusion, 4. 

 Middleton Moor quarries, 677. 

 Migrations of flsh, 577; of tortoises, 



579 ; of saurians, 679 ; of birds, 583 ; 

 of man, 594, 596. 



Milan, Duomo of, 661. 



Milk Pond, New Jersey, 776. 



Milky- Way, the, resolved by the elder 

 Herschel into an infinite number of 

 stars, 46 ; of which 50,000 occupied 

 but two degrees, 159 ; called by the 

 Greeks Galaxy, by the Romans Via 

 Lactea, 159 ; its position and aspects, 

 159 ; its superior brilliancy in the 

 southern heavens, 159 ; was thought 

 by some ancients to be a disused 

 path of the sun, 160 ; its true compo 

 sition conjectured by modern astro 

 nomers, but first made manifest by 

 Herschel, 160 ; apparently the out 

 ward boundary of the solar system, 

 180. 



Miller, Mr, his geological observations, 

 681, 683, 684. 



Millstone grit, 691 ; projection of, illus 

 trated, 695. 



Milton, the Ptolemaic theory supposed 

 to be impugned by, 19 ; his lines on 

 Galileo's discoveries, 30 ; on the 

 Milky- Way, 159; on the heavens 

 generally, 189 ; cited, 207, 278, 291, 

 532, 536, 722, 723, 785. 



Mimosas, their beauty, 555 ; localities 

 of, 563. 



Minasi, Signor, 540. 



Mineral springs, various, 276. 



Minerals, the various simple, G23. 



Mines, high temperature in different 

 deep, 501 ; of Cornwall, 633 ; of 

 France, 634 ; of silver, gold, and 

 copper, 634 ; of Peru, 634. 



Mining operations, importance of geo 

 logical science in, 620. 



Miocene tertiary period, 638, 747 

 750. 



Miqu, village of, near Poitiers, appari 

 tion of a cross seen at, 541. 



Mirage, the, 227, 535 ; view of a, 636. 



Misenum, port of, 423. 



Mississippi, sources of the river, 282 ; 

 varying colour of its waters, 283 ; its 

 periodical risings, 294; its width, 

 302 ; course of the, 305 ; its tribu 

 taries, 306 ; floating island-rafts in, 

 319 ; soil in its waters, 372 ; winds in 

 valley of the, 450. 



Missouri, springs of the, 279, 280 ; 

 prairies of the, 589. 



Mistral, a violent wind in the south 

 east of France, 450. 



Mocesamus concentricus, shell of the, 

 641. 



Mole, legend regarding the river, 291. 



Molucca Isles, dispersion of nutmeg 

 seeds through the, 567. 



Mollusca, class of, 572 ; composition of 

 shells of, 624 ; fossil, 639, 665, 666 ; 

 living and extinct, 740. 



Monge, M., his account of a mirage in 

 Egypt, 536. 



Mongolian race of men, 602. 



Monkeys, 590, 595. 



Monocotyledonous plants, 5G3. 



Monotreme animals peculiar to Aus 

 tralia, 591. 



Monsoons, 442 ; illustration of their 

 commencement, 443 ; causes of, not 

 well understood, 444. 



Mont Blanc, granite of, 644, 645. 



Montanari, 131. 



Monte Nuovo, near Naples, 403. 



Monte Rossi, its origin, 425, 426. 



Monte Rotondo Lake, 312. 



Monteith, Colonel, 324. 



Montmartre, spring at, 263 ; quarries 

 of, 743, 744. 



Montoire, bog of, 769. 



Monument Mountain, U.S., view of, 

 752. 



Moon, the, 191 ; causes of her accelera 

 tion, 3 ; peculiar eclipse of, 3 ; 

 savages worship the, 3 ; lunar 



