90 



mens were obtained from northern Labrador and Ungava; one 

 ordinary-sized kettle is seen in Plate XIX a , one very small 

 specimen (Plate XX c), and one very large kettle (Plate XIX b), 

 the measurements of which are given below. The small specimen, 

 which came from an old grave, has two holes bored in the bottom. 

 All lamps and kettles placed on graves were treated in like 

 manner, to liberate the inua of the utensil and allow its use by the 

 shade of the owner in the other world. All the kettles have 



Figure 28. End of limestone kettle, length at top, 135 mm.; at bottom, 123 



mm.; height, 108 mm.; thickness, 5 mm. From Coats island. 

 Collected by E. W. Hawkes. Division of Anthropology, Museum No. IX B. 33 



holes bored at the four top corners, in which the thongs were 

 placed by which they were suspended. Old hunters have told 

 me that caribou meat boiled in a soapstone kettle was much 

 tenderer than that boiled in an ordinary kettle, the heat being 

 more evenly sustained. They also said that it took nearly an 

 hour to get the kettle boiling over the lamp, but that, once hot, 

 it kept its temperature for a long time. Turner says that the 

 Ungava method was to put heated stones in the kettle. 1 In 

 that case the custom must have been derived from the Indians. 



The Labrador Eskimo make miniature models of their 

 lamps and kettles (Plates XVIII Be; XX d), which they preserve 



1 Turner, Ethnology of the Ungava district, llth Annual Report of Bureau of American 

 Ethnology, p. 231. 



