National Monuments * * * * 167 



witch trials were held under this tree and victims were hanged from its 

 limbs. The monument is easily reached from the town of Sitka, a regular 

 port of call for the steamers from Seattle. 



GLACIER BAY 



Glacier Bay National Monument, containing 1,820 square miles, includes 

 a number of tidewater glaciers of first rank in a magnificent setting of lofty 

 peaks. These glaciers are higher than the masts of ships and offer unique 

 opportunities for the study of glacial action. The monument must be reached 

 by water from Alaska or British Columbia. 



KATMAI NATIONAL MONUMENT 



Katmai Monument is more widely known as the "Valley of Ten Thousand 

 Smokes." It is a volcanic belt of extraordinary recent activity in southern 

 Alaska. It is the largest of the monuments, with an area of more than a 

 million acres. As recently as 1912, Mount Katmai on the reservation erupted, 

 belching forth several cubic miles of volcanic materials. In the "Valley of 

 Ten Thousand Smokes" there are literally millions of miniature volcanoes 

 jetting steam or vapor into the air. They are so hot that explorers cooked their 

 meals over this natural steam heat. It is said that this valley is now an example 

 of what Yellowstone was like many, many years ago, when the Yellow 

 stone volcanoes were just ceasing their activity. Some scientists predict that 

 the "Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes" will in some future age be another 

 great new geyser basin. 



In addition, Katmai Monument is a valuable game preserve with a 

 plentiful animal and bird life. At present the monument is almost inaccessible 

 except to organized exploring parties, but in time a harbor can be developed 

 and a thirty-mile road will make it easily reached by visitors. It was 

 thoroughly explored, mapped, photographed, and described by parties sent 

 out by the National Geographic Society, and its magazine told the world of 

 the wonders of the region. 



ARCHES NATIONAL MONUMENT 



This monument, established by President Hoover on April 12, 1929, 

 consists of two areas in Grand County, Utah, known locally as the "Devil's 

 Garden" and the "Windows," containing approximately 2,600 and 1,920- 

 acres, respectively. Within these areas are extraordinary examples of wind 

 erosion, formed into gigantic arches, natural bridges, "windows," spires,, 

 balanced rocks, and other unique wind-worn formations of sandstone. 



