88 YALE AGRICULTURAL LECTURES. 



gust, given to the cows. They are stabled at night, and receive 

 a "foddering " of grass often cut from the pasture itself, where 

 the droppings of the animals have caused a growth too rank to 

 be eaten in the field. In the hot season the animals are stabled 

 during the day, and let out to graze in the night. Of grasses, 

 Mr. Horsfall prefers the poas and festucas what is there call 

 ed meadow grass, being the best known variety of the former 

 genus. All his lands are drained ; the lines of tile running 

 eight yards apart and three to four feet deep ; the latter depth 

 being preferred. 



A description was given of one of the stables for feeding, in 

 cluding the measurements made upon the spot. The roof is of 

 slate, with a thatch underneath. The stalls are about three 

 feet nine inches wide, and the cattle fastened by sliding rings 

 and stanchions about a foot back from the manger. At the 

 upper part of the stall lies a cocoanut mat, about three feet 

 square, with straw underneath, the whole fastened securely 

 down. Behind this mat, the only bedding the animal has is a 

 grate, allowing the passage of the manure into a tank under 

 neath, which tank is accessible from the outside of the building. 



The manure removed from this tank is mixed with the scrap 

 ings of the road and the cleanings of the ditches, and applied 

 to the meadows at the rate of a dozen loads to the acre, just 

 previous to a shower. There being no straw or coarse mate 

 rial, it is immediately washed in. The time of manuring the 

 meadows is as soon after mowing as the weather is suitable, 

 and for the pastures the winter season. Liquid manure is also 

 applied to the spots of the pasture where the grass is coarse or 

 wiry, and also to spots comparatively bare. Three or four 

 doses are given during the winter, but if there is an excess of 

 liquid manure, it is poured into the stream which irrigates the 

 meadows. The manure from an animal, if properly cared for, 

 is estimated on this farm at $25 per year. In regard to the 

 use of liquid manure, Mr. Horsfall disagrees with Dr. Voelcker's 

 theory, published in the Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, 



