160 YALE AGRICULTURAL LECTURES. 



ing quality, but we may on the other hand develop it to a great 

 extent by careful breeding from milking families. He has had 

 an animal give thirty-two quarts of milk daily ; the Shakers 

 of Kentucky report one giving forty quarts n day and he be 

 lieved the breed will make more butter and cheese than any 

 other. In early maturity they are unrivalled. At two years 

 old they have been sent from Kentucky to the New York market 

 in prime condition, though three and upwards is the usual age. 



He was not of those who admitted that the improved Short 

 horn family had been created by Charles and Robert Colling, 

 for Colling himself admitted that he had bought fine animals 

 wherever he could find them before he began to breed for him 

 self, and Phoenix and Lady Maynard were as fine animals as he 

 ever bred. He had bred judiciously, and improved the breed 

 in extent, but its origin must be sought prior to the days of 

 Charles Colling's Hubback. Perhaps it may not be advisable 

 to use them in New England to the exclusion of other cattle ; 

 but throughout the whole interior of this country, where the 

 climate is fair and the pasturage good, they would, as they had 

 in Kentucky already, run out any other of the leading breeds 

 which might be placed in competition with them. 



The Ayrshire is essentially a modern breed. At least there 

 was no such breed famous in Ayr a hundred years ago ; and he 

 was of the impression that it had originated in a cross of the 

 Shorthorn with the West Highlanders. It has many of the 

 characteristics of the Shorthorn ; is, next to it, the heaviest 

 feeder ; and its great milking properties he thinks due to that 

 part of its parentage. Carried to poorer pastures in England 

 and elsewhere, the Ayrshire does not thrive as well as on its 

 native fields. Some public-spirited farmers in Kentucky have 

 recently imported some of the breed, and will give it another 

 fair trial ; but Mr. Clay believes the same unfavorable result 

 will follow as has heretofore. 



Mr. Clay claimed that his favorite breed possessed all the 

 essential points of true beauty. Beauty, he thought, was com- 



