IN HIGHER PEOPLES 93 



animals possess. Baboons will sometimes throw- 

 stones at their enemies; and an elephant will break 

 off the branch of a tree and use it as a fly-brush. 

 Wasps have been observed to use tiny pebbles as 

 hammers in packing the dirt firmly into their bur- 

 rows. But most sub-humans have no tools other 

 than certain parts of their bodies which are 

 adapted to certain uses. 



Man's first inventions were not agricultural im- 

 plements, but weapons. The greatest anxiety of 

 original man was not how to get something to eat, 

 but how to keep from being eaten. And so one of 

 the very first things man did when he began to 

 branch out in his career of world conquest was to 

 arm himself. 



The development of mankind has been divided 

 into Ages or Stages, each Age representing a cer- 

 tain degree of advancement and culture. The 

 Ages that I shall give you in this topic are not 

 periods of time, but degrees of advancement. 

 These Ages are often known as the Stone Age, the 

 Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, so-called from the 

 material which man used prevailingly for his 

 weapons and tools. 



But a more helpful subdivision is that into Sav- 

 agery, Barbarism, and Civilization. The follow- 

 ing nine stages given by Morgan in his "Ancient 

 Society" are probably as good as any: 



1. Lower Savagery, extending from the begin- 

 ning of man to the invention of the art of fire- 

 making and the acquisition of a fish diet. 



