THE REPAIR AND REPLACING OF TREES 219 



insects and fungus spores. After the injured bark has been 

 carefully removed, the exposed wood should be painted with 

 coal-tar to prevent the checking 

 of the exposed wood. A callus 

 will soon form and in time the 

 entire scar will heal. 



Bridge-Grafting. When the 

 abrasion of the bark extends al 

 most around the tree, or if a tree 

 is completely girdled, a connec 

 tion between the separate parts 

 of the trunk may be reestab 

 lished by bridge-grafting. (Fig. 

 32.) The edges of the girdle 

 are trimmed, and cions are in 

 serted under the bark so as to 

 bridge the wound. These cions 

 are cut to a wedge shape on 

 either end and are inserted be 

 tween the bark and the wood. 

 A cloth bandage is tied about 

 each edge of the wound to hold 

 the bark in place over the cions. 

 Melted grafting wax is then 

 poured or molded over the entire FIG. 32. Method of bridge- 



1 , grafting a girdled trunk. 



work, so as to cover the exposed 



wood and also the edges of the bark for two or three 



inches from the wound. 



Grafting wax may be made as follows : 



Resin 4 parts 



Beeswax 2 parts 



Tallow 1 part 



