484 LEPIDOPTERA. 



of several European Tortrices or turpentine-moths, that 

 thus injure pines and firs, is given in Kollar's Treatise, 

 wherein we are advised to search for the lumps of turpen- 

 tine in the autumn, and destroy the caterpillars under 

 them, or to cut off the injured shoots and burn them 

 with their inhabitants. This advice it may be proper for 

 us to follow, although it is not yet certain that our turpen- 

 tine-moths are actually the same as those of Europe. 



Among the insects that have been brought to America 

 with other productions of Europe may be mentioned the 

 apple-worm, as it is here called, which has become natu- 

 ralized wherever the apple-tree has been introduced. This 

 mischievous creature has sometimes been mistaken for the 

 plum- weevil {Rhynchcenus (Conotrachelus) Nenuphar), de- 

 scribed in another part* of this treatise; but it may be 

 easily distinguished therefrom by its shape, its habits, and 

 its transformations. Although the plum- weevil prefers stone 

 fruit, it is sometimes found in apples also ; on the other 

 hand, the apple-worm has never been found here in plums. 

 It is not a grub, but a true caterpillar, belonging to the 

 239 Tortrix tribe, and in due time is changed to 



a moth, called Oarpocapsa Pomonella (Fig. 

 239),f the codling-moth, or fruit-moth of 

 the apple. An anonymous writer, in the 

 " Entomological Magazine " $ of London, has 

 well remarked that this moth " is the most beautiful of the 

 beautiful tribe to which it belongs ; yet, from its habits not 

 being known, it is seldom seen in the moth state ; and the 

 apple-grower knows no more than the man in the moon to 

 what cause he is indebted for his basketfuls of worm-eaten 

 windfalls in the stillest weather." 



* Page 76. 



t Tinea Pomonella, L. ; Pyralis Pomana, F. If the modern name of the genus 

 b correct, it was probably formed from two Greek words signifying to devour 

 fruit. ^ Perhaps the name should have been Carpocampa, that is, in English, fruit- 

 caterpillar. 



J VoL I. p. 144. 



