202 TREES AS GOOD CITIZENS 



selves by fastening leaves together with a 

 web of silk. These tents are at the ends 

 of twigs. Before going into winter quar 

 ters in the tents, the young caterpillars 

 feed on the leaves, giving them a skele 

 ton-like appearance, but without serious 

 damage. When the buds begin to form 

 in the spring the grubs start to devour the 

 bud scales and small leaves. This spring 

 feeding sometimes strips a tree of leaves 

 altogether. The growth of an infested 

 tree is badly checked. 



In appearance the adult moth is pure 

 white and the tip of the abdomen is cov 

 ered with dark brown hairs. The moths 

 appear during the first week of June and 

 for several weeks they may be seen clus 

 tered around electric arc lights. The 

 caterpillars are covered with poisonous 

 barbed hairs which cause severe irrita 

 tion when brought into contact with the 

 human skin. 



San Jose Scale 

 (See description and remedies under Ash) 



Bagworm 



Habits Less common than the Elm- Remedies. The bagworm has natural 



and leaf beetle, but causes some enemies which usually serve 



Damage, damage. Appears in bags, to keep it within bounds. The simplest 



woven by the insect itself from remedy is to pick the bags from the tree, 



bits of foliage and a silk fibre. The eggs wherever this can be done, and burn them, 



are laid within the bags in September and Where the bags can not be thus picked 



hatch into caterpillars the following by hand, or to destroy any which may 



spring. The caterpillars begin at once have been overlooked, the tree should be 



after hatching to feed on the leaves and sprayed with arsenate of lead soon after 



to construct bags for themselves. The the time of hatching in the early spring, 

 insect carries its bag with it in moving 

 from limb to limb or even from tree to 

 tree. In winter the bags are conspicuous 

 on the leafless branches. 



Concerted action on the part of an entire neighborhood is essential in the treat 

 ment of the bagworm. 



Spiny Elm Caterpillar 



Habits A black, spiny caterpillar, Remedies. When the first signs of 



and marked with red, and about 2 injury appear the affected 



Damage, inches long; found in groups. parts of the tree should be thoroughly 



Eats the leaves. Its presence sprayed with arsenate of lead. Where the 



is shown by partly eaten leaves or by clusters are such as to make it possible 



entire branches or leaves becoming bare. to remove them bodily without much 



