MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 



53 



second 7-nerved, 10 mm long; lemmas densely pilose, 7-nerved, 10 mm 

 long; awn straight, 10 to 16 mm long. O Sandy roadsides, 

 gravelly or sterile hills, Oregon, California, and Nevada; introduced 

 from Australia. 



SECTION 4. EUBR^MUS Godr. 



Tufted annuals; spikelets compressed; glumes and lemmas narrow, 

 long-awned; first glume 1-nerved, the second 3-nerved; lemma 

 5- to 7-nerved, cleft at the apex, the hyaline teeth 2 to 5 mm 

 long; floret at maturity with a sharp hard point or callus. Intro- 

 duced from Europe. 



FIGURE tf.Bromus rigidus, X 1. (Tracy 4702, Calif.) 



31. Bromus rigidus Roth. RIPGUT GRASS. (Fig. 47.) Culms 40 

 to 70 cm tall ; sheaths and blades pilose ; panicle open, nodding, rather 

 few-flowered, 7 to 15 cm long, the lower branches 1 to 2 cm long; 

 spikelets usually 5- to 7-flowered, 3 to 4 cm long; glumes smooth, the 

 first 1.5 to 2 cm long, the second 2.5 to 3 cm long; lemmas 2.5 to 3 cm 

 long, scabrous or puberulent, the teeth 3 to 4 mm long; awn stout, 

 3.5 to 5 cm long. O (B. villosus Forsk. not Scop. ; B. maximus Desf . 

 not Gilib.) Common weed in open ground 

 and waste places in the southern half of Cali- 

 fornia, forming dense stands over great areas hi 

 the lowlands, occasional north to British Colum- 

 bia and east to Idaho, Nevada, and Arizona; 

 rare in the Eastern States, Maryland, Virginia, 

 Texas (fig. 48). Distinguished from the other 

 species of the section by the long awns. 

 BROMUS RIGIDUS var. GUSSONEI (Parl.) Coss. 

 and Dur. Differing in having more open panicles, the stiffer, more 

 spreading lower branches as much as 10 to 12 cm long. O Weed 

 like B. rigidus, growing in similar places, Washington to California, 

 and Arizona: more common than the species in middle and northern 

 California. 



FIGURE 48. Distribution of 

 Bromus rigidus. 



