MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 355 



mountain meadows, in bogs and wet places, Greenland to Alaska, 

 south in the mountains of Maine and New Hampshire; northern 

 Michigan; in the mountains of the Western States to New Mexico and 

 California, also on the seacoast at Fort Bragg, Calif., and northward 

 (fig. 729); Eurasia and Arctic and alpine regions of the Southern 

 Hemisphere. 



Phleum arenarium L. Annual; culms tufted, 5 to 30 cm tall; foli- 

 age scant, mostly basal, the blades 2 to 4 cm long; panicle 1 to 3 cm 

 long, somewhat tapering at each end; glumes acuminate, strongly 

 ciliate on the keel, p Ballast near Portland, Oreg.; coast of 

 Europe and North Africa. 



Phleum su bul a turn (Savi) Aschers. and Graebn. Annual; culms 10 

 to 20 cm tall; blades 2 to 5 cm long; panicle linear-oblong, mostly 

 3 to 8 cm long, 4 to 5 mm thick; glumes 2 mm 

 long, scaberulous, subacute, the tips approach- 

 ing, o Ballast, Philadelphia, Pa., and 

 near Portland, Oreg. ; Mediterranean region. 



Phleum paniculatum Huds. Annual; culms 

 10 to 30 cm tall; foliage scabrous; panicle cylin- 

 dric, 2 to 5 cm long, 3 to 6 mm thick; glumes 

 2 mm long, glabrous, hard, widened upward to a FlGUR AlSm"SpfS tion f 

 truncate swollen summit, with a hard awn-point 

 at the tip. o Ballast near Portland, Oreg. ; Mediterranean region. 



73. GASTRlDIUM Beauv. 



Spikelets 1 -flowered, the rachilla disarticulating above the glumes, 

 prolonged behind the palea as a minute bristle; glumes narrow, un- 

 equal, somewhat swollen at the base; lemma much shorter than the 

 glumes, hyaline, broad, truncate, awned or awnless; palea about as 

 long as the lemma. Annual with flat blades and pale, shining, spike- 

 like panicles. Type species, Milium lendigerum L. (G. ventricosum). 

 Name from Greek gastridion, a small pouch, alluding to the slightly 

 saccate glumes. 



1. Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz and Thell. NIT- 

 GRASS. (Fig. 1 730.) Culms 20 to 40 cm tall; foliage scant, blades 

 scabrous; panicle 5 to 8 cm long, dense, spikelike; spikelets slender, 

 about 5 mm long; glumes tapering into a long point, the second about 

 one fourth shorter than the first; floret minute, plump, pubescent, the 

 delicate awn 5 mm long, somewhat geniculate. o Open ground 

 and waste places, Oregon to California; Texas; also Boston, Mass.; 

 introduced from Europe. A common weed on the Pacific coast, but 

 of no economic value. 



74. LAGtJRUS L. 



Spikelets 1-flowered, the rachilla disarticulating above the glumes, 

 pilose under the floret, produced beyond the palea as a bristle; glumes 

 subequal, thin, 1-nerved, villous, gradually tapering into a plumose 

 awn-point ; lemma shorter than the glumes, thin, glabrous, bearing on 

 the back above the middle a slender, exserted, somewhat geniculate, 

 awn, the summit bifid, the divisions delicately awn- tipped; palea 

 narrow, thin, the two keels ending in minute awns. Annual, with 

 pale, dense, ovoid or oblong woolly heads. Type species, Lagurus 



