MANUAL OF THE GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 



535 



grass. About 1907 it was distributed from the Toowpomba Botanic 

 Gardens, Queensland. Stapf, of Kew Gardens, identified this grass 

 as P. bulbosa L. Hackel described it as a distinct species, P. sten- 

 optera. It has been grown at the California Experiment Station, and 



FIGURE 1127. Phalaris californica. Plant, 

 X 1; spikelet and floret, X 5. (Heller 

 6677, Calif.) 



FIGURE 1128. Phalaris arundinacea. Plant, X 1; 

 glumes and floret, X 5. (Chase 7583, Md.) 



the above description was drawn from a plant supplied by Professor 

 Kennedy from the University Farm at Davis, the seed being from 

 South Africa. This differs from the typical P. tuber osa of the Med- 

 iterranean region in having short vertical or ascending, sometimes 

 branching rhizomes, the base of the culms little or not at 

 all swollen. It has been called Harding grass. Burbank 

 has distributed it as P. stenophylla (error for stenoptera) , 

 calling it Peruvian winter grass. This species has been 



called P. bulbosa, but the true P. 



bulbosa L. is a species of Phleum 



(P. tenue Schrad.; P. bulbosum 



(L.) Bicht.). 



TRIBE 9. ORYZEAE 

 111. ORYZA L. RICE 



FIGURE 1129. Distribution of 



Phalaris arundinacea. Spikelets 1-flowered, laterally 



compressed, disarticulating below 



the glumes; glumes 2, much shorter than the lemma, FIGURE mo. 

 narrow; lemma rigid, keeled, 5-nerved, the outer nerves 

 near the margin, the apex sometimes awned ; palea similar 

 to the lemma, narrower, keeled, with a median bundle 

 but with no strong midnerve on the back, 2-nerved close to the 

 margins. Annual or sometimes perennial swamp grasses, often tall, 

 with flat blades and spikelets in open panicles. Type species, 

 Oryza sativa. Name from oruza } old Greek name for rice. 



Phalaris tube- 

 rosa var. sten- 

 optera, X 5. 

 (McCrary, 

 N. C.) 



