ARTHROPODA 87 



which are practically legs ; in front of these 

 a pair of long "pedipalps" or " foot-feelers "; 

 and quite in front the comparatively short 

 " chelicerae." These creatures are very venom- 

 ous; they move about by night to seek their 

 prey. 



Another kind of spider-like animal is famil- 

 iar in English fields and waysides the long- 

 legged spiders, called Harvestmen or Phalangidae, 

 which spin no web, but jump upon their prey. 

 Unlike the last group, the body differs from that 

 of true spiders, in being more, not less, compact : 

 for not only is the head joined to the thorax, but 

 also the thorax is joined to the abdomen, the out- 

 line of the body being therefore 

 almost globular. They receive the 

 name Phalangidae, Joint-Spiders, 

 from the sharp joints in their 

 long legs. 



Allied also to the spiders are 

 the Mites, Acarina, so destructive 

 to cheese, flour, and other eatables ; wbfchinfesta the 

 and the Ticks, which infest the Hippopotamus, 

 skins of various animals. Fig. 22 

 shows a specimen of the latter. size. 

 They are practically blood-suck- 

 ing Mites. It is the female which attacks animals, 

 while the males live among vegetation. 



The Scorpions, also, are relatives of the Spiders. 

 They are inhabitants of hot countries, and highly 

 venomous. They possess a jointed tail, instead 

 of an abdomen with fused segments, and a lobster- 

 like pair of appendages in front ; these are the 

 second pair of appendages, the " pedipalps," 

 while the short "chelicerae " lie in front. In the 

 living animal the tail is often carried curled up 



