MAXIMUM ACCOMMODATION. 7 



a ship could be turned pretty nearly on its centre, and that a 

 dock could bo safely worked of over 450 feet wide, whilst for 

 ships exceeding this length there could be no objection to their 

 being taken out stern first. The possibility of this course being 

 pursued would depend upon the conditions obtaining outside the 

 dock entrance or in the entrance channel, where the latter is 

 tortuous or contracted. With a high wind or strong current, a 

 vessel backing out would be liable to get into difficulties, and 

 probably considerable danger; on the other hand, where there 

 is a free outlet, there would appear to be no objection to this 

 mode of undocking ships. As a good general rule, it may be 

 laid down that there should be some part of sufficient width, 

 clear of any ships that may be lying at the wharves, to admit 

 of a ship being turned so as to be able to leave the dock stem 

 first. 



Assuming that a large class of ship of say 450 feet in 

 length has to be accommodated, the width occupied along- 

 side the wharf would be about 50 or 100 feet, if there are 

 wharves on both sides, and allowing 25 feet clearance on each 

 side, a total width of 600 feet at least would be required in 

 some part to afford sufficient turning space for a vessel of this 

 length. 



In determining the width, regard must be had to the necessity 

 of reserving as much area as possible for wharfage purposes, 

 railways, and warehouses, 

 even to the extent of re- 

 ducing the width of the 

 basins to a minimum or 

 having to undock some of 



----- 



k c -500.0 >- 



-4- 



K 

 - ^.-^r-JOo'.o". >. 



the longest ships stern first. 



The actual proportion of 



land to be reserved will 

 obviously depend greatly 

 upon the nature and re- 

 quirements of the class of 



trade to be accommodated, FIG. 1. Water area, 111,111 square yards; 



Vmf nnlpqj pflrp IQ fatpn available wharfage, allowing 100 feet for 



but unless care IS taken entr ance, and 50 feet for beam of ships, 



that it is ample for the 3700 feet. With jetties Water area, 94,441 



purpose, the traffic will be *l uare y ftrds ' wharfage 58C 



cramped and the full development of the dock impossible. 



Wharfage. The available wharfage compared with the water 



