COMMENCEMENT OF WORKS. 



hand were A B and B C (Fig. 18). These were soon completed 

 by casting up at low water the soil from each side, and thus 

 enabled the excavations for the permanent works to be com- 

 menced. The next portion of temporary embankments, B D 

 and D E (Fig. 18), had to be carried across a foreshore of mud, 

 and being at a considerably lower level towards the east end, 

 a good deal of the material cast up was washed away by the 

 tides ; the work had, therefore, to be carried on at several points 

 simultaneously by large gangs of men taking advantage of low 

 water, especially of spring tides, as these banks were exposed 

 to south-easterly storms, and had to protect the inner works 

 for more than two years ; the seaward faces were pitched with 



Old 



Humber 



Bank 



f^sai^r;^; 

 "RIVE* H u M B E 



Plan of Site Showing Banks 



SCALE 



lOOO 



FIG. 18. 



chalk. On the completion of these banks, the excavation for 

 the permanent works within the section was carried on, and 

 the material tipped to form the protecting banks, F G and 

 H I (Fig. 18). These banks settled down into the soft muddy 

 foreshore, and spread out a good deal laterally ; they were also 

 exposed to the wash of every tide, so that they absorbed a large 

 amount of material. The river embankment, G C I (Fig. 18), was 

 in the mean time being proceeded with by excavating a trench 

 20 feet wide and about 5 feet deep with a Priestman's grab 

 along the line of the toe of the bank. This trench, which was 

 carried down to the hard gravel or clay, was filled with large 

 chalk, deposited from small vessels holding about 100 tons each. 



