POLITICAL ECONOMY. 99 



Balance of Consumption. 



The balance between the produce and consumption 

 of a country, is very different from the balance of 

 trade. It might take place in a country which had 

 no trade at all. 



Productive and unproductive Labour. 



But if the same quantity of food and clothing, 

 which was thus consumed by unproductive, had been 

 distributed among productive hands, they would 

 have reproduced with a profit the full value of their 

 consumption. The same quantity of money would 

 have equally remained in the country, and there 

 would besides have been a reproduction of consuma- 

 ble goods. There would consequently have been 

 two values for one. 



The same capital will put a greater or smaller 

 quantity of labour in motion, according as it is em- 

 ployed in agriculture, manufactures, or wholesale 

 trade. 



Corn. 



The produce of corn differs from all other com- 

 modities in creating its own consumers. 



Capital advanced to Government. 



Capital advanced to government is turned from 

 productive to unproductive capital. He who ad- 

 vances gets an annuity ; but this capital, although 



of mankind cannot be understood by common intellects, some 

 mystification, even among the initiated, is to be suspected ; " for 

 we are all very desirous of being thought to understand what by 

 competent judges is considered difficult." 



Since the appearance of the first edition in 1825, Mr. Malthus 

 published (in 1827) his " Definitions in Political Economy," in 

 which he clearly demonstrates that the late writers on this science 

 not only differ from each other, but frequently from themselves in 

 the same chapter. 



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