76 THE CONTAGIOUS TYPHUS 



indicate, save in times of epizootics and epi- 

 demics, the particular form which is about to 

 reveal its symptoms in the course of a few 

 days. This period of incubation being over, 

 the mouth and chest become affected, and fever 

 declares itself; and then the materies morbi, 

 which is to become the special and dominant 

 characteristic of the distemper, is directed 

 either to the skin, or to the digestive mucous 

 membrane. In the first case, we see evidence 

 of exanthematic diseases, which present only 

 the lightest forms of detersive disorders, such 

 as measles, scarlatina, or that more serious one, 

 from its pustulous form, the small-pox. In the 

 second case, the elimination takes place from 

 the intestinal canal, and then we see produced 

 in animals, as well as in men, the typhous dis- 

 eases : that is to say, the typhoid fever a 

 pustulous and ulcerous malady of the intes- 

 tines or the common typhus of the hospitals, 

 prisons, and campaigning armies; and again, 

 in animals, there is also the typhus of the 

 steppes, of the marshes, &c. 



The Eastern pestilence, the plague of Eome 

 in the age of Antoninus and the plague of 

 Athens, which might have given to Hippo- 



