OF THE OX. 167 



sometimes ulcerations, and even perforations, 

 are visible. 



The reed, or fourth stomach, whose sides are 

 thicker, more fleshy, and more vascular, ex- 

 hibits within its folds various kinds of lesions 

 or sores : they consist of large flat stains of a 

 darkish red, more or less soft, and sometimes 

 ulcerations red on their deep surface, with 

 clean edges. 



As for the intestines, properly so called, the 

 duodenum shows the same injuries, but most 

 generally large ecchymosed spots. 



The small intestine appears on the outside, 

 even when it preserves its place in the ab- 

 domen, of a reddish colour, lined with vessels 

 distended with blood, the signs of a general 

 congestion of its membranes. The examina- 

 tion of the mucous membrane, after it has 

 been cut open lengthways, shows, indeed, that 

 this portion of the digestive tube is the prin- 

 cipal seat of the distemper ; for } independently 

 of this general injection, you perceive ulcera- 

 tions which have succeeded to detached pus- 

 tules or lengthy flat spots, the result of a 

 cluster of several of Peyer's glands, brought 

 together by the plastic influence of inflamma- 



