92 ON THE STATE OF IRELAND. [BOOK I, 



REMARKS. 



In the earliest times emigration was necessary, 

 since it was only by this means that the world could 

 be peopled. Husbandry being little known, the 

 herdsmen wandered from place to place with their 

 flocks and herds, which in summer found pasture 

 upon the mountains, and in winter on the plains. 

 As their families multiplied, it was necessary to 

 parcel out the country according to the tribes, 

 and thus nations were formed. But each member 

 of a tribe maintained his religion, his family, his 

 customs, his laws in short, all that attaches a man 

 to the earth. 



War formed another species of emigration. 

 Urged by the desire of vengeance or of pillage, the 

 strongest people superseded or mingled with the 

 weakest. But these emigrations were voluntary, 

 at least on the part of those who were the ag- 

 gressors, and often after victory they submitted to 

 the laws and the customs of the conquered people. 

 Apart from this, war has been regarded as one 

 of the greatest curses which God has inflicted upon 

 man. 



These two kinds of emigration, although very 

 different, form so natural a consequence, that they 

 constitute the history of the world. In both cases 



