MAGNETISM. 91 



Far.iday, will produce electricity, but with this peculiarity 

 th:it in itself it is static; and therefore to produce ;i dynamical 

 force, motion must 1*: added to it. It is in fact directive, not 

 motive, altering the direction of other forces, hut not in strict- 

 ness initiating them." If magnetism is powerful en- nigh to 

 alter the direction of, and to control other natural forces, -we 

 would argue that it is more powerful than any of them, and 

 that in consequence, ail others take their rise in it the object 

 of our whole work is to prove the truth of this theory. 



Again he says : " Magnetism can, through the medium of 

 electricity, produce heat, light, chemical affinity and motion." 

 But if it be acknowledged, as we have shown in the previous 

 chapter, that the spark in a galvanic battery is combustion, 

 caused by the force of magnetism in the ends or poles of the 

 wires, then, electricity is not a force at all, and can no more 

 produce heat, light, chemical affinity, or motion, than it can 

 produce, or have any control over itself. The very arrange- 

 ment of a galvanic battery might show us, that electricity 

 has nothing to do with the force in it ; for if it had, the pro- 

 ducing material would show it, which it does not. 



Magnetism is an invisible influence, or force, which appears 

 to have been observed only under particular conditions in iron, 

 or steel, and a few other metals. But indications of a similar 

 influence and action may be found in all substances, and in 

 connection with all natural phenomena. It is traceable also in 

 all atoms, and is thus found to be an inlwent property of matter. 



Let us examine the nature, influence, and action, of that 

 force as observed in steel, and trace some of its effects to their 

 source, then by comparing the same action in other substances, 



