PATTERN MAKING 



35 



which they are used. Beech wood and maple furnish the best 

 material for mallet-heads for the use of the woodworker who works 

 in pine and other soft woods. It is true that the mallet-head will 

 not last so long if made of beech or maple wood; but the chisel and 

 gouge handles will be protected, which is a matter of much greater 

 importance. 



Pig. 69. 



Of the screw=driver, illustrated in Fig. 69, at least two or 

 three sizes will be found necessary. 



The scratch=awl, Fig. 70, although used but little at the 

 work-bench (a knife being used in its place for all accurate 

 markings), is indispensable to the pattern maker for laying out 

 the dimensions on his work 

 while it is revolving in the 

 turning lathe. It should be 

 long and slender, as shown, 



and is used on the revolving wood by placing it over the required 

 graduation of the rule, while the latter is held on the tool rest. 



Brads and small wire nails must often be driven at such 

 an angle to the grain of the wood, or in such a position, as to make 

 it necessary first to bore a small hole in order to start the brad 

 in the required direction. The brad-awl, illustrated in Fig. 71, 



Fig. 71. 



is a convenient tool for this purpose. It is commonly ground 

 to a chisel point, as shown at #, but will be less liable to cause 

 splitting, and will work faster and with greater ease, if ground to 

 a double spear point, as shown at 5. The four corners, if kept 

 sharp, will enter the wood and cut faster than the chisel point. 



