PATTERN MAKING 



LATHE TOOLS. 



Of lathe hand tools the first to be considered, as also the first 

 to be used, is the gouge. It is used for reducing the stock to 

 be turned, from a rough or rectangular shape to a cylindrical form, 

 preparatory to smoothing and finishing. It is ground and beveled 

 on the back or convex side, and the shape of the cutting edge 



should be of the same curva- 

 ture as the inside, or upper 

 side, of the tool. Gouges are 

 made in all sizes, one of which 

 is illustrated in Fig. 92; but 

 for the pattern maker's use 

 foiir gouges, ranging from 

 J inch to 1^ inches > will be 

 found sufficient for all pur- 



jm 



Fig. 90. poses. 



Before using the gouge, and indeed any lathe- cutting tool, 

 the workman should take care to see that the tool rest has been 

 elevated above the center line of the lathe centers, from -J inch for 

 small work to 1 inch or more for large work. The position of the 

 gouge, when in use, is horizontal and at about a right angle to the 



a Fig. 91. b 



tool rest. It should not, however, be laid on the rest so as to use 

 only the extreme point of the tool, but should be tilted over, first. 

 to one side and then to che other, so as to bring all parts of 

 the cutting edge, successively, in contact with the wood that is 

 beinu; turned. 



