48 PATTERN MAKING 



either in common or in ornamental turning. One skew chisel 

 each of the ^-inch, ^-inch, 1-inch, and 1^-inch sizes will be found 

 sufficient for all ordinary work. 



While the skew chisel works with great rapidity and docs 

 smooth and very satisfactory work in all kinds of ornamental 

 turning, the dimensions obtained with this tool are not so accurate 

 for pattern work as those obtained by the regular pattern maker's 

 scraping tools. These tools, whatever may be the shape of the 

 points or cutting edges, are all flat like the skew chisel, and are 

 Right ground or beveled on one side only. 

 Indeed there is no better wide scraping 

 tool for large surfaces than a common 

 firmer chisel after it has been worn 

 short so as to be free from vibration. 



Scraping tools are made in many 

 forms and shapes, and are ground by 

 the workman to suit the requirements 



Square 



Point o f his work. A few of the many shapes 

 Fig. 94. in common use are illustrated in Fig. 94. 



These tools should be ground with a very short bevel, and 

 must be sharpened much oftener than a cutting tool. The 

 revolving wood, passing at right angles to the sharp edge wears 

 it away more quickly than it can a cutting tool, for the latter is also 

 worn away on the slanting side of the bevel. 



Fig. 95. 



A very necessary tool for all kinds of wood turning is the 

 parting or cutting-off tool, shown in Fig. 95. This is used as 

 a scraping tool for cutting recesses in the work and for cutting off 

 finished work from the face-plate, and will also be found useful 

 for many other purposes. 



SAWING MACHINES. 



As a time-saving and labor-saving machine a good circular 

 saw bench is necessary in every well-equipped pattern shop, 



