B E A 



and ChauMT. Nothing can surpass the tender delicacy of 



tho pace'* scenes 111 ' Plnlaster,' the dignifled sentiment in 



tin- Elder Brother,' the wit and happy extravagance in the 



\\ ..man Hater' and the ' Little French Lawyer.' tho pa- 



toral luxuriance in the ' Faithful Shepherdess,' or the ex- 



! and virgin poetry M- .tiered throughout the whole 



collection, sometime* in the midst of the most artificial and 



disgusting psjuy* 



In lyrics they have no cijual, not ShaVspearo bSntelf, 

 nor Milton. A miniature volume of the truest lyrical poetry 

 might be collected out of their dramas, of compositions 

 which sing their own music. (Dramatic Works of Jleau- 

 mont ami Fletcher, 1778: Biographia Hritannii-a ; Chal- 

 mers's British Poett; Aubrey's Letters and Litet of 

 Eminent Men, &c. &c. ; and Lamb's Specimens of English 

 Dramatic Poets, which contains some masterly criticism on 

 those writers). 



BEAUNE, a town of considerable size, and the capital 

 of a sub-prefecture, or arrondissement, in the department 

 of Cute d'Or, in France, lilies nearly under the S.E. slope 

 of the ridge of Cote d'Or, and upon the little stream the 

 Bouzoise*, which rises just above the town, and uniting 

 with the Meuzin, flows into the Saonc. It is 23 miles 

 S.S.W. of Dijon, and 206 miles S.E. of Paris; in 47 '." N. 

 lat.. and 4 50' E. long. 



Beaune is situated in a fertile and agreeable country, 

 celebrated for the wines which it produces. Both the red 

 and white Beaunois wines are considered among the best in 

 this part of France. They include the growth of Meur- 

 sault, Mont Rochet, Pomard, and Volnay. The town itself, 

 considered apart from its suburbs, is of an oval form, sur- 

 rounded with an old wall ruined in many places, but the 

 ramparts afford to the townsmen a good promenade. Our 

 old authorities speak of four gate*, those of St. Nicholas, St. 

 Martin, La Bretonniere, and La Madeleine. Millin ( Voyage 

 dans let Dep. du Midi de la France, Puns, 1807) speaks 

 of the ' new gate,' which, he says, is of tolerably good archi- 

 tecture. This is either a new entrance, or a re-erection of 

 the gate of St. Nicholas. 



The town is well built, with streets which arc described 

 by M. Millin as spacious. Before the revolution (we know 

 not what change has taken place since), the town and 

 suburbs consisted of five parishes, two in the town, and three 

 in the suburbs. The parish church of Notre Dame, in the 

 town, was collegiate before the revolution ; it was the roost 

 antient in the diocese of Autun (in which Beaune was in- 

 eluded), and one of the handsomest in the- kingdom; but 

 whether from any injuries sustained by it during the revo- 

 lution, or from some other rause, it is now considered to he 

 surpassed in beauty by the church of St. Pierre (or St. 

 Peter), also in the town. Before the revolution, Beaune 

 possessed several religious establishments. There were mo- 

 nasteries of Carthusians, Jacobins or Dominicans, Corde- 

 liers, Capuchins, and Minims ; nunneries for Carmelites, 

 Dominicans. Ursulines, and nuns of the Visitation ; and an 

 abbey for Cistcrtian nuns. There was also a college, large 

 and well built, conducted by the priests of the oratory : :u 

 well as a commandery of the order of Malta. Several of 

 these establishments were in the suburbs. 



Besides these institutions, now wholly or in great part 

 suppressed, Beaune possessed two hospitals, which, so far as 

 we can gather, still remain. One of these, for the sick. 

 foundeil in I 1 i:t by Nicholas Rollin, chancellorof the Duke 

 of Burgundy, and farther enriched and embellished by his 

 son Cardinal John Rollin, bishop of Autun, is of vast extent. 

 Its architecture contain* some remains in the Gothic style; 

 and it constitutes the most remarkable edifice of Beaune. 

 In the Dictionnaire des Gaules, Sic., of Expilly (Paris, 

 1762), it is described as consisting of nine wards (salles), 

 five of which were for the sick of the humbler classes, and 

 four for invalids of a wealthier class, who paid for the 

 attendance given them. How far this arrangement is still 

 continued we are not aware: but a later authority, M. 

 Millin, who travelled in 1804, attests that the hospital was 

 then very well kept up. Louis XL, king of France, when he 

 was looking over this hospital, is said to have replied to 



ThU nm of UK rtw w |T!T (Von Ihi- rml Map of rranrt. hv MM. 

 M.r.ldl mil C...ini. II U e*lM in MTnl of our .ulhon 

 llouj.u-.0f Bourer. lly lll hjr M.rtinirrc m. 



Bnunt ti un Ihi. rir*t. H hm-ln Ihry uttranmttd try Mara! 

 MbtlBBijMor A. II I;-;.. . l'.i. 1818.5 ud of tlw SocM? (. 

 fiuion of fvful Kn'. lodge, the rlvrr ii cllr.| Buuurirr, ami 

 put within two or lhrf niilrt of Hmmu. ThU lad diiirrnancy I 

 riw (ran llw MOM lio, urn o .li!T.-inl hmnchn of Ibo urac .trr.m, 

 .ml Uul Uid down u Uw ttoaoin la th lupt uf Drue ud ihc Socirt) ii 

 undMbtedljr Ibc principal. 



B E A 



come one who was praising the charity of its f. under, the 

 Chancellor Rollin, 'It is ]ust that he, who has made so 

 many poor, should provide an hospital for their reception.' 

 The duties i.t attendance at this hospital were pcrloiiiied by 

 females bound by a religious vow, which they look only for 

 a year, and when any one nftheni to,,k her vows lor the Drst 

 time, she presented the establishment \viih twelve dozen 

 turkeys, and the same number of chickens, ul pigeons, of 

 partridges, and of ii..i 



The other hospital is for orphans ol - , and for 



such poor persons as cannot maintain themselves. The 

 inmates are employed in carding and spinning wool. There 

 was formerly an establishment called La Cimmhi 

 Pauvres,' for affording relief to those destitute persons who 

 were ashamed to beg, and to teach children of both 

 some trade. We know not whether it still exists. 



Besides the hospitals, Beaune bos a library, but it does 

 not contain any valuable treasures (M. Millin) ; a cuUtge. 

 or high school ; an agricultural society : a theatre ; and a 

 Vauxhall. It has a Tribunal de premiere instance, a < urt 

 of justice which may perhaps be compared with our quarter 

 sessions, and a tribunal de commerce, a committee of lead- 

 ing merchants or dealers, which takes cognizance of disputes 

 in commercial affairs. Woollen cloths, serges and dm j 

 leather, cutlery, casks, and vinegar are among the ai 

 manufactured here. There are in the neighbourhood quar- 

 ries of granite, and of what our authority (the Dictinnnaire 

 Untiersel de la France) terms, ' pierre polie,' polished stone, 

 perhaps marble. 



Beaune has been asserted by some, but without reason, to 

 be the Bibracte of Caesar. (Comment de B. G., lib. i. and 

 vii.) It is not known to have existed in the time of the 

 Romans, and is first mentioned in the Chronicles of the 

 Monasteries of Burgundy. There are traces of a Roman 

 road in the neighbourhood running east and west (on the 

 east as far as the river Douhs), hut this passed to the north 

 o!' Beaune. The district was known under the designation 

 of Pagus Belnisus, in the time of the kings nt l'ia< 

 the Carlovingian race. Beaune was raised from being a 

 mere petty place, or a castle, to the rank of a town, by 

 Eudes III., duke of Burgundy, in the year 1203. Several 

 of the dukes of Burgundy held their court here ; and here 

 also the parliament of Burgundy at one time sat. Whrn 

 the Burgundian States came into the hands of the French 

 kings, Louis XII., king of France, built a castle here, which 

 was considered the strongest place in Burgundy ; but it was 

 dismantled in 1602, by order of Henry IV., who (eared that 

 the party of the Marechal de Binin Would avail themselves 

 of it in their projected revolt. Only tho ruins of it now 

 remain. 



The inhabitants of Beaune amounted, in 1832, to !'J7^ 

 for the town, or 9908 for the whole commune. They are 

 reproached by the inhabitants of Dijon for their stupidity, 

 and the most ridiculous stories are current respecting them. 

 Piron, the dramatist, a native of Dijon, nearly lost his life 

 when on a visit to Beaune; so much had he irritated the 

 Beaunois by his sarcastic witticisms. 



The arrondissement of Beaune comprehends 199 square 

 miles, or 127,360 acres, and had, in 1832, a population of 

 I I 7,'.i!>r>. There are in it 10 cantons, and 203 communes or 

 parishes. (Marliniere; Kxpilly ; Millin; Dictionnaire Uni- 

 Vertel (.' In J-'r-inrf.) 



Then- is a small town (hourg) called Beaune (with tho 

 distinctive appendage Itt-RoiaiMt, to distinguish it from the 

 foregoing), in the arrondissement of Pithiviers, in the depart- 

 ment of Loiret. It is on the road from Pithiviers to Mon- 

 targis. and upon a small stream which falls into the Loing, 

 an affluent of the Seine : in 48 5' N. lat., and 2 2ti' K. 



It is said to have been once a place of greater importance, 

 nnd to have belonged to the nephew of Charlemagne, the 

 chivahic Roland (the Orlando of Ariosto), who gave it to 

 the monks of the abbey of St. Denis. The crowths of wine 

 in the neighbourhood, though tolerably good, are yet far in- 

 ferior to those of Beaune in the department of Cf)te d'Or. 

 The population given in the Dirttntinairf. l-niversel de la 

 I'l-nnr,' ( Paris, 1 s I ). was 2028. We have no later account. 



The name of Beaune applies to several other places, all of 

 inferior importance. 



BEAUNE, commentator on DCS Carles. [See DES 

 CAHI 



\ I PRE'AU, a town in Franco, the capital of a sub- 



:ure or arrondissement in the department of Maine 



t Loire; perhaps about 213 road miles from Paris, It i 



