BED 



13. 



BED 



clerical. Gentis Scotorum, edit. Edinb. 1829, torn. i. p. 69 

 are much inferior to these. 



The Historia Ecclesiastica was printed for the first tim 

 about 14"-), in the type which passes for that of Conra 

 Fyner of Esling ; a copy of it is preserved in the Biblio 

 theque du Roi at Paris, and there is another copy in th 

 library of the Right Honourable Thomas Grenville in Eng 

 land. It is a volume of extreme rarity. King Alfrer 

 translated this history into Saxon, and the royal version 

 accompanied by the original Latin, was published first b; 

 Wheloe, fol. Cambr. 1644, and subsequently by Dr. Smith 

 canon of Durham, with greater care, fol. Cambr. 1722. An 

 English translation of this history was first published a 

 Antwerp in 1565, by Thomas Stapleton, a doctor of divinity 

 of the University of Louvain ; another and better transla- 

 tion was published, 8vo. Lond. 1 723, immediately after the 

 publication of Dr. Smith's edition ; and a third has since 

 appeared, translated by the Rev. William Hurst, 8vo. 

 Lond. 1814. 



The first general collection of Bede's works was published 

 at Paris in 1544, in three volumes folio. They were printed 

 again at the same place in eight volumes folio, in 1554 ; in 

 the game size and number of volumes at Basle, in 1563: 

 reprinted at Cologne in 1612; and, lastly, at Cologne in 

 1C88. There is a very clear and distinct account ot the 

 contents of these volumes in the ' Notes to the Life of Bede ' 

 in the ' Biographia Britannica,' edit. 1747, vol. i. pp. 049-652 ; 

 and other analyses may be found in the works of Casimir 

 Oudin, and Mabillon, and in Cave's ' Historia Literaria.' 



Those treatises of Bede's which are mentioned in his own 

 catalogue of his works were published by the learned and 

 industrious Mr. Wharton, from three MSS. in the valuable 

 library in the archiepiscopal palace at Lambeth, under the 

 title of Bedae Venerabilis Opera qutcdam Theologica, nunn 

 primAm edita, necnon Historica antea semel edita. Acces- 

 scnmt Egberti archiepiscopi Eboraccnsis Dialogus de Ec- 

 clesiastica Institutione, et Adhelmi Episcopi Sareburnensis 

 Liber de Virginitute, ex codicc antiquissimo emendatus.' 

 4ro. Lond. 1693. 



The antient and celebrated copy of the Latin Gospels, 

 written before 720, with an interlineary Saxon gloss, origi- 

 nally kept in the monastery of Lindisfarne, afterwards trans- 

 ferred to Durham, and now preserved among the Cottonian 

 MSS. in the British Museum (marked NKRO s. iv.), is re- 

 puted to have been once the property of the Venerable Bede. 

 (Besides the works which have been already quoted, 

 Symeon of Durham's Historia Ecclesia; Dunelmensis, 

 Tanner's Bibliotheca. Britannico-Hibernica, the Biogra- 

 pkia Britannica, Henry's History of Britain, and the life 

 appended to Smith's edition of Bede's History, are the 

 chief authorities for the present account.) 



BEDARIEUX, or BEDARRIEUX, or EEC D'A- 

 R1EUX, a town in France, in the department of He- 

 rault, about 35 miles nearly due west from Montpellier. It 

 is on the left or east bank of the river Orb, which waters 

 the department in the western part, and at the foot of the 

 great chain of the Cevennes. The Ccvennes lie to the N.W. 

 of Bedarieux ; and a branch from the principal chain, 

 running southward between the rivers Orb and Lergue 

 (the latter a feeder to the Herault), passes on the east side 

 of the town, which is thus nearly enclosed by the mountains. 

 It is in 43 J 36' N. lat., and in 3 12' E. long. 



Bedarieux is not remarkable, except for its woollen ma- 

 nufactures, which were established long ago, and consti- 

 tuted in the early part of the eighteenth century the only 

 claim of the town to notice. (Martiniere, Le Grand Dic- 

 tionnaire.) Cloth, for the Levant, and for consumption in 

 the interior of France ; mixed fabrics of cotton and wool, 

 and of silk and wool, are made here. Leather, paper, oil, 

 brandy, and glass are also among the productions of the in- 

 dustry of liivtarieux. Population in 183-', of the town, 

 5781 : ofthcwholecommune, 5998. (Dictinnnaire Universel 

 ill' In France.} 



BEDCHAMBER, LORDS OF THE, are officers of 

 the royal household, undur the groom of the stole. The 

 number of lord* i* twelve, who wait a week each in turn. 

 The groom of the stole does not take his turn of duty, but 

 attends his majesty on all state occasions. There are thir- 

 teen s;r.xitns u'f the bedc.hamber who wait likewise in turn. 

 The salary of the groom of the stole is 2000/. per annum, of 

 the lords i OOOl. each, and of the grooms 500/. They are in 

 the royal nomination. 



Chamberlayne, in his Present State of England, 12mo. 



Savoy, 1669, p. 249, calls them gentlemen of the bed- 

 chamber. ' The gentlemen of the bedchamber,' he says 

 'consist usually of the prime nobility of England. Their 

 office in general is, each one in his turn, to wait a week in 

 every quarter in the king's bedchamber, there to lie by the 

 king on a pallet-bed all night, and in the absence of the 

 groom of the stole to supply his place.' In the edition of 

 the same work published in 1716, he adds, ' Moreover, they 

 wait upon the king when he eats in private ; for then the 

 cupbearers, carvers, and sewers do not wait. This high 

 office, in the reign of a queen, as in her late majesty's, is 

 performed by ladies, as also that of the grooms of the bed- 

 chamber, who were called bedchamber women, and were 

 five in number.' 



The title of lords of the bedchamber appears to have 

 been adopted after the accession of the House of Hanover. 

 They are first mentioned by that title in Chamberlaync's 

 State of England, for 1 7 1 8. 



Compare also the New Compan. to the Kalendar, 8vo. 

 Lond. 1820, p. 63. 



BEDDOES, THOMAS, a distinguished physician, was 

 rn at Shiflhall, in Shropshire, in April, 1760. His father, 

 vho was a tanner, wished to bring up his son to the same 

 Business, but his grandfather, perceiving the abilities which 

 \e early manifested, prevailed upon his father to edu- 

 cate him for some profession. An accident which befell his 

 grandfather, and required the attendance of a surgeon, de- 

 ermined young Beddoes to study medicine. He received 

 he rudiments of his general education at firewood, or 

 Jrood, in Staffordshire, whence he was removed to Bridge- 

 north, and afterwards, in 1773, he was placed under the 

 are of the Rev. S. Dickenson, rector of Plym-hill, in Staf- 

 mlshire. In 1776 he entered at Pembroke College, Ox- 

 ard, and soon became distinguished for his learning, and 

 lis acquaintance with languages, both antient and modern : 

 n the latter he was entirely self-instructed. During his 

 esidence at the university, he also devoted much of his 

 ime to chemistry and geology. The recent discoveries of 

 Jlack and Priestley, in respect to the different gases or airs, 

 irected the attention of men of science more especially to 

 hese subjects, and Beddoes fully participated in the inte- 

 est which they excited. He also early formed high ex- 

 ectations of the uses of these discoveries, especially in the 

 reatment of diseases, and had that direction given to his 

 mind which ever afterwards induced him to trust greatly to 

 neumatic medicine. Mineralogy and botany also occupied 

 nuch of his attention while at Oxford. Having, in 1781, 

 aken his Bachelor's degree, he proceeded to London to 

 tudy medicine, and became a pupil of the celebrated Shel- 

 on. 



In 1784, while residing in London, he published, but 

 without his name, a translation of Spallanzani's Disserta- 

 ons on Natural History. In the autumn of 1784 he re- 

 moved to Edinburgh, where he spent two winters and one 

 ummer. He was greatly distinguished among the students, 

 nd attracted the notice of Dr. Cullen, by whom he was em- 

 loyed to add notes to his translation of Bergman's Essays 

 n Elective Attractions, to which work Beddoes affixed his 

 .me. 



In 1 786 he took his degree of Doctor of Medicine at 

 )xford ; and in the course of the following summer he 

 isited France, where he became acquainted with Lavoisier 

 nd other celebrated chemists. On his return from the 

 Continent he was appointed reader in chemistry to the Uni- 

 ersity of Oxford, where he maintained the current doctrines 

 f the day with much learning, ingenuity, and eloquence, 

 n his views respecting geology he embraced the theory of 

 lutton, and was a decided believer in the existence of a 

 entral fire, by the agency of which the crust of the earth 

 ad assumed its present form. In 1790 he published Che- 

 lical Experiments and Opinions, extracted from a work 

 ublished in the last century, in which he endeavoured to 

 btain justice for the views and discoveries of Dr. Mayow in 

 ineumatie chemistry. 



Being of an ardent disposition, and entertaining great ex- 

 jectations of- the perfectibility of human nature, he eagerly 

 dopted the views of the partizans of the French Revolution ; 

 ind it is thought that the freedom with which he expressed 

 lis opinions gave so much offence to the superiors of the 

 Jniversity of Oxford, as to render his residence there no 

 onger agreeable. It is also probable that some of his re- 

 igious opinions contributed to determine him to resign his 

 eadership in chemistry, which accordingly he did in 1792. 



