

B i: N 



2 JO 



B ; 



become the habitation of devil*, and tlio hold of every foul 

 ipirit, and the cage of every unclean and hateful bird, 1 ' we 

 .c a disiinclion between those unclean spirits which 

 were once humun. and the devils.' 



In tho year 17-1.' Boitgel was induced by the councillor of 

 stale, J. J\ Mosser, to express publicly his opinion con- 

 cerning the Moravians. He stated tliai they behaved as if 

 tin- word of God wont out from them alone, and as if the 

 kingdom of Heaven was their exclusive right. 



he question why we should pray especially for princes, 

 he answered, ' because God wills that all should come to the 

 knowledge of the truth, and since the eteat in this world 

 cannot bo reached by doctrine, this defect must bo supplied 

 by the prayers of the faithful.' 



Once when some visitors were pleased to observe how Ben- 

 gel's doves came to the wimlow to eat from his hand, he said, 

 ' You see that it is possible to serve merely by faith, so it is 

 also with the worship of God. If one has credit among men, 

 the customers increase. So it is also with God if 11 

 credit as the hearer of prayer all Ilesh turns to him. Ill 

 desire to know a man, I should like to see how he converses 

 in his closet with his God. It is certain that we cannot buy 

 God's favour for money ; but because our Mammon is al- 

 ways iu some degree unrighteous, I give especial alms when 

 any of my family are sick.' 



Why 'is the discipline of the Calvinistic Church so 

 despotic?' 'Because men are such as they describe their 

 God, and they have, according to their doctrine of predomi- 

 nation, a despotic God.' 



Bengcl declared the Latin work of Spinoza on human 

 servitude to be a most beautiful book, because it proves that 

 in man one passion follows after another, so that he is with- 

 out liberty, like clock-work. This is true as long as the 

 man is without grace, but grace gives liberty, and then men 

 should immediately make' MM' (if their free agency. 



BENGER, MISS ELIZABETH OGILVY, was born 

 at the city of Wells in 1778. She was an only child, and 

 her father, who was a purser in the navy, dying abroad in 

 1796, her mother was left with very slender means. Miss 

 Benger's early life was consequently passed amidst many 

 privations, one of the greatest of which was her inability to 

 gratify her ardent thirst of knowledge and lovo of books. 

 At this period, as she herself used to relate, it was her com- 

 mon practice to plant herself at the window of the only book- 

 seller's shop in the little town which she then inhabited, to 

 read the open pages of the publications there displayed, and 

 to return again, day after day, to examine whether, by good 

 fortune, a leaf of them might be turned over. From a very 

 early period she aspired to literary distinction, and in her 

 twelfth year her mother was prevailed upon to let her attend 

 a boys' school for the purpose of studying Latin. At thir- 

 teen she wrote a poem entitled ' The Female Geniad,' which 

 was published ; and though containing, as might be sup- 

 posed, many imperfections, it exhibited the dawnings of 

 genius. 



In 1802, in order to gratify her daughter's earnest wish, 

 Mrs. Bengcr came to reside in London : and a lady who 

 had previously known Miss Bengcr, and estimated her as 

 .il. intn>diKcd her to a circle of IViends which in- 

 cluded Mrs. Barbauld, Mrs. Joanna Baillie, Mrs. Elizabeth 

 Hamilton, Dr. Aikin, Dr. Gregory, and others. Miss Aikin 

 was amongst the number of her wannest friends ; and it is 

 from a short account of Miss Benger's life by this lady that 

 the information contained in the present notice is obtained. 

 The young and eager girl, who at one period derived her 

 literary gratifications from the shop-window of a country 

 bookseller, was often enabled, says Miss Aikin, to assemble 

 round her humble tea-table names whose celebrity would 

 have attracted attention in the proudest saloons of the me- 

 tropolis. 



Miss Benger's first literary efforts were directed to the 



drama, but in this department she did not prove sun-- 



and she soon abandoned it. She next wrote a poem on the 



4 Abolition of tho Slave Trade,' which, with two others, was 



published in 4to., with engravings. Shu also published two 



U, to which she did not attach her name. None of the 



above works can be considered as very perfect compositions. 



.t a* a biographical writer that she obtained her first 



ied success, and her reputation became fully c-tuhlishcd 



by her historical biographies. At the period of her 



which occurred after a short illness, on the 9th of January, 



1827, Miu Bengcr was engaged in writing ' Memoirs of 



Henry IV. <f Fniice. In private life she was sincerely 



beloved and esteemed for the warmth of her heart and dis- 



ted charai" 

 The following ' iicnger's biographical 



I. ' Memoirs of Mrs. Eh . 'iin'iton,' -1 



small 8vo. 2. ' Memoirs of John Tobm.' I vol. small 

 3. ' Memoirs of Klopstock and his Friends,' prcfixe.'. 

 translation of their Letters from the German. 1. Memoirs 

 of Anne Bolewi,' 2 vols. small bvo. 5. MI-I.I...I, : M 

 (^ucen of S. t*,' - \ols. small 8\o. G. ' Memoirs of Eii/.a- 

 Muart, Queen of Bohemia,' '2 vols. small 8vo. A com- 

 plete edition of Miss Benger's historical works has been 

 published in S vols. small .- 



BEN G U K LA, a district on the west coast of Africa, , 

 wise written Buenguela, Ban<|uella, Bankelhi, ami 1'. 

 hella. It Ubounded on the north by Angola, from which it is 

 divided by the river Coauza, in 9' 'JO' S. hit. Some acc<. 

 however, carry it no farther north than to the r. 

 in I 1 S. hit., and others no farther than to the n\er Culmn- 

 bela, which falls into the sea a little to the south of the \-i\\\ 

 parallel of latitude. It is commonly considered as cxk'i. 

 southward as i'ar as Cape Negro, according to Captain ( ' 

 in li 10' 7" S. lat., U" 53' a" E. Ions;. The district im- 

 mediately to the south of it is called Malnman. To tb 

 the old accounts place the province of Kimba, and the i 

 try of the Jagg.i (or Guu^a) Kassungi, from which it is 



led by the river Cuneni. Some authorities, hov 

 extend the eastern limits of the southern portion of Ben- 

 guela across a ratine of lofty mountains farther in the inte- 

 rior, called the Mountains of Cold and of Snow (Cavazzi's 

 terms are Monti Freddi and Monti Nevosi). This is said 

 to be the same range which, to the east of A 

 the Crystal Mountains, and still farther to the north the 

 Mountains of Silver. 



Benguela is stated to have been formerly one of the 

 teen provinces of Angola, or rather of the great kin. 

 called by the natives Congo, of which Angola, Congo Pro- 

 per, and Loango were also parts. Benguela, however, had 

 effected its independence before the arrival of the Portu- 

 guese on those coasts towards the end of the fifteenth cen- 

 tury. .Since their conquest of the whole country, Ben 

 has again been reduced to the rank of a province, suln 

 the governor-general, who resides at St. Paul de Loamlo. 

 the capital of Angola. There is, however, a resident sub- 

 nor at S. Felipe, the capital of Benguela. 



Benguela was visited in IJS'J by the English na\i. 

 Andrew Battel, whose curious relation may he found in 

 Purchas; iu 1667 by the missionaries Angelo and Carli (a 

 translation of whose voyage is also in Purchas. and in all 

 the common collections); in 16*2 by Father Mcrolla 

 in Purchas); and in 1688 by James Barbot. In n. 

 times the coast has been surveyed by Captain W. F. \V. 

 Owen and Captain Vidal. 



The interior of the country is said to be very mountainous. 

 On the coast immediately to the south of the mouth 

 Coauza is a considerable promontory called ( 

 About a degree farther to the south is the native capital. 

 now called Old Benguela. The modern capital. 

 S. Felipe, or St. Philip de Benguela, the latitude of which, 

 according to Mr. Bowdich's map, afterwards relerred t", is 

 nearly 12 10' S., stands at the bottom of a somew hat deep 

 bay, called the Buhia das Van-as, or Bay , 

 the Buhia de Torre, or Tower Bay, from a rock sha|>cd like 

 a tower. According to Battel, this bay affords good an 

 cure anchorage. 



Captain Vidal, having passed Cape Nciiro, the 

 immediately to the north of which he d. 



ite than that farther south, although still pour, the 

 few trees being so stunted in their growth jjs. more i 

 soluble hushes,' arrived at the town of ]:. 

 .'JOth of November, 1825. It ia, he soys, 'situated in an 

 open hay, formed to the- south-west h\ a projeeiin;: |x>int 

 of cliffs, above which is Mount Smnhreiro. Known more 

 generally among the English by the name of St. Philip's 

 Cap, on account of its peculiar lorm.' The governor, 

 SonhiT Ji>fn Victor, spoke English remarkably well, having 

 recciu-d his education at Ileadiui; in BcrUsh;ro : but as he 

 me Inim Europe only a lew da\- could give 



them very little information, lie said that Bci 

 then rapidly declining, but that some >ears back it had 

 !er trade than St. Paul de Loando, export- 

 ing annually about -Jd.Oi II slaves. The slaves, it u 



l.ili- l>eo. .me scareer, in consequence of the cessation 

 of hostilities among the tribes in the interior. According 



