B E R 



294 



B K R 



The absolute population of Berkshire, it each of the four 

 enumerations made in this rcntury, wat: 



Showing an inert-use between the first and last enumeration* 

 of 36.174 |x-run, or 33 per eent. This i* considerably 

 below tht- rate of increase in the whole of England, widen 

 amounted, in the same period, to 57 per cent. 



The ages of the population in the county, so far as the 

 same could be ascertained in 1821, were as follows: 



100 years and upwards 



61,854 62,019 123,873 



: :nty Expenses, Crime, >|-c. The sums expended for 

 the relief of the poor at the four decennary years of enurae- 



:i within the present century, were 

 In 1801, 81,'J94/. being an average of 15*. for each inhab. 

 1811, 160.873/. 27*. 2rf. ' 



.,1821, 104,3387. 15*. 9d. 



1831, I15,n.70/. 15*. lOrf. 



The sum expended for this purpose, in the year ending 

 -.'jtli March, 1834, was 100,183/., which, on the supposition 

 that the population has gone on increasing since 1831 at 

 the same rate as it did in the ten preceding years, is an 

 average of 13*. 4d. for each inhabitant. These averages are 

 all very far beyond those for the whole of England and 

 Wales, aud which were 



In 1801, 9s. \d. for each inhabitant. 

 ,, 1811, 1 :v. I//. 

 1821, 10*. Id. 

 1831, 9*. 9rf. 

 1834, 8*. Sd. 



The sum raised within the county for poors' rate, county 

 rate, and other local purposes, in the year ending 25th 

 March, 1833, was 136,40u/., and was levied upon the various 

 descriptions of property as follows .- 

 On land .... 101,749 13 



Dwelling-houses . . . 29,861 4 



Mills, factories, &c. . . . 3,298 1 1 

 Manorial profits, navigation, &c. . 1,491) i-j 



l3,4fO 



Of which wan expended 



For the relief of the poor . . 111.597 3 

 In suiu of law, removal of paupers, &c. 3,121 111 

 For other purposes . . . 18,459 IG 



133,178 18 



The mode in which the return has been made up for the 

 iiding 2.Mli March, 1 8.14, does not enable us to distin- 

 guish the descriptions of property which were assessed fur 

 The total amount levied in that year was 

 1J7 22W. 1 It., and the expenditure was as follows: 

 For the relief of the poor . . 100,183 3 

 n moval of paupers, &c. 3,458 5 

 For other purposes . . . 20,775 19 



124,417 7 



A saving has, therefore, been effected of more than ten 

 per cent, in the expense of relieving the poor, occ.i^ 

 parti;. iied cost of provisions, ami partly by 



'ul management, but the remaining sources of 

 expenditure have been so increased that the gc-norul saving 

 IIDS amounted to only $ per cent. 

 The number of turnpike truits in Berkshire in 1829 wo* 



twenty ; the number of miles of road under their charge 

 319 ; and the annual income of the same dtrivd from 

 and parish c-ompoMtions, 15.388/. The annual outlay fur 

 repair and management of the roads was. 1 J 



The count* i-xpi'iiditiirc for various purposes, exclusive of 

 the relief of the poor, wts ns follows in 1833, the latest time 

 to which any statement hiu been given: 



Bridges and roads leading to them 986 9 1 

 Gaols ...... 1'ii'ifi 12 11 



Expenses of criminal trials at quart, sets. 631 1 1 

 circuits 657 17 5 



coroners . . . l-J.s U lo 

 shire halls . . . 11160 



lunatic a--\h:ni . . 34 14 6 



printing, bailiff, marshal, &c. 359 16 II 

 conveying prisoners to gaol 178 16 11 



clerk of assize . . 4142 

 conveying vagrants . 997 3 2 

 The sum levied for county rate in 1833 was ll,2t>7<. 18*. 

 The account, are examined on the first day of quarter ses- 

 sions in the grand jury room, adjoining to the court, and 

 from this examination no person is excluded. 



The numbers of persons charged with the commission of 

 criminal offences in Berkshire in the three septennial periods 

 ending with 1820. 1827, and 1834, were 912, 1113, mid 1.105 

 respectively, being an average of 130 annually in the firM 

 period, of 159 in the second period, and of 215 in the last 

 septennial period. 



The number of persons tried at quarter-sessions in ; 

 1832, and 1S33, was 49, 68, and 95 respectively, of who 

 were 



1831. 183. 



Felonies . 40 60 85 



Misdemeanors 3 8 10 



Of these were 



Convicted 

 Acquitted 



49 



42 

 7 



68 



49 

 19 



95 



7C 

 19 



49 68 95 



In addition to those tried there were committed and after- 

 wards discharged by proclamation, 8 in 1 all, 11 in 163-', 

 and 18 in 1833. 



The total number of persons charged with crimes at the 

 assizes and sessions in 1834 was 250. Of these 14 were 

 offences against the person, 20 offences against property 

 committed with violence, 1% offences against property com- 

 mitted without violence ; of which 158 were cases of simple 

 larceny : _' wciv malicious offences against property : fi were 

 for uttering counterfeit coin and forgery of bank notes. Of 

 the remaining 12 charges, 7 were for offences against the 

 game laws, 1 for breaking prison, and 4 for simple breaches 

 of the peace. Of those brought to trial 163 were convicted : 

 the remaining n" were either acquitted or discharged with- 

 out trial. Only one execution occurred, that of a youth 

 between 16 and Ji years of age for murder. Sentence of 

 death was passed upon 8 others, all for offences committed 

 with violence, but these sentences were commuted, 7 of the 

 criminals being transported for life, and the eighth having 

 been subjected to a few months' imprisonment. Of the 

 remaining convicts 12 were transported for life, 8 for 11 

 years, 28 for 7 jours, 104 were imprisoned for various t- 

 four-fifths being for periods under six months, 1 received a 

 public; wli ppiiig, and 1 was lined and discharged. 



Of the .'.'in |n Tons charged with offence,, 4 J'J6 were males 

 and 24 were females. Their ages were as follows : 



Mules. Females. 

 Aged I. years and under 

 Between 12 and IG years of age 

 In and 21 ' 



21 and .'in 



30 and 40 



40 and .Ml 



50 and 60 



Above 60 



Age not ascertained 



B 



19 

 76 

 91 

 24 

 7 

 5 

 1 

 1 



12 

 4 

 

 

 

 



226 24 



The proportion of offenders lo the population in 1834 wai 

 1 in 580. The centesimal proportions in which the various 

 crimes were committed were as follows : 



