B E R 



29: 



B E R 



[Berlin Royal Museum.] 



out of native granite, 75 tons in weight, resting on a 

 handsome pedestal. The quarter of Old Cologne also con- 

 tains the cathedral, 337 feet in length and 136 in breadth, 

 with the places of sepulture of several members of the royal 

 family ; the Royal Exchange ; the Bridge of the Palace, 

 built on two arches; the King's Stables; the Armoury ; 

 the Townhall for the quarter, in which the deputies of the 

 town assemble ; the Royal Cologne Gymnasium, with 360 

 pupils, &c. That part of this subdivision which is called 

 New Cologne contains the Royal Salt Magazine (Salzhof), 

 in which are storehouses for salt and mill-stones. 



Tlie north-western part of the Cologne quarter is sepa- 

 rated by a canal from the Friedrichswerder. quarter. This 

 district contains the Principal Mint (Haupt-Miinze) ; the 

 Prince's House, in which the Royal Frederick Gymnasium 

 is at present established ; the Address Haus, where money 

 is aihanced on pledges; the Royal Bank; the Hunts- 

 men's House (Jiigerhaus), in which are the offices and 

 apartments for the Consistory ; the Palace Court, with 

 a prison for offenders of higher rank; the College, or 

 French Gymnasium, combined with a theological school ; 

 the Tax Ottiee for the metropolis ; the Palace of the Princes, 

 which is inhabited by Prince Charles, the king's third son, 

 atid the princess of Licgnitz, the morganatic consort of his 

 Prussian majesty, whose apartments are connected by an 

 arched passage with the apartments in the royal palace, 

 where the king now resides ; the Werder Church, a hand- 

 some edifice, built in the old German style after the de- 

 signs of Schinkel ; a splendid Arsenal, forming a square, 

 ciu-li side of which is 286 feet in length, and containing, 

 among other things, models of eighteen fortresses in France 

 in alto-rilievo ; the Royal Foundry ; and the Royal Guard- 

 e in thn King's Square, a quadrangular structure 

 designed by Schinkel, in the style of an antient castrum, 

 close to which are colossal statues of Scharnhorst and 

 Billow, two celebrated commanders in the campaigns be- 

 tween 1812 and 1815. A handsome monument of bronze 

 erected to Prince Bliicher, consisting of a statue, which, 

 with its plinth, is 1 1 feet, and an appropriately-decorated 

 pedestal, which is thirteen feet high, the work of Rauch, 

 stands between tho Royiil Rilaoc and the Opera House. 

 On the front side of the pedestal is an alto-relievo of Victory- 

 bearing a tablet between her hands, with the following 



inscription: 'Frederick William III. to Field-Marshal 

 Prince Bliicher of Wahlstatt, in the year 1826.' 



The Dorotheenstadt, or new town quarter, lies to the 

 north of the preceding, between the Friedrichswerder quar- 

 ter and the northern bend of the Spree. Its most striking 

 feature is the celebrated street called Unter-den-Linden, 

 which contains two double lines of linden or lime-trees : it 

 is 2744 feet in length, 174 feet in breadth, and affords the 

 most attractive promenade in Berlin. This quarter likewise 

 contains the northern part of Frederick's Street, which runs 

 in a straight line of 4250 paces (upwards of two miles), from 

 the Place of the Blle Alliance at the most southern, to the 

 Oranienburg Gate, which lies nearly at the most northern 

 end of the capital. The principal objects in the Dorotheen- 

 stadt are the University Buildings, with columns and pi- 

 lasters of the Corinthian order, which contain lecture-rooms, 

 and museums of anatomy, zoology, mineralogy, &c., and a 

 garden ; the Opera House, with a handsome range of fluted 

 Corinthian columns, 266 feet in length, and 106 in width, 

 three rows of boxes, and accommodation for 3000 spectators; 

 the Catholic Church of St. Hedwig, an imitation of the 

 Pantheon in Rome ; the Royal Library, facing the Opera 

 House, the principal apartment in which is 263 feet long, 

 and 59 feet broad, with more than 400,000 volumes, besides 

 manuscripts ; the Vocal Academy ; the Royal Academy, 

 containing halls and rooms occupied by the Academies of 

 the Arts and Sciences, and a clock, illuminated at night, 

 according to whose time every public clock in Berlin is regu- 

 lated ; the Observatory, a lofty quadrangular tower, raised 

 on a platform 86 feet above the pavement ; the School for 

 the Artillery and Engineers ; the Paris Square, on the west 

 side of which the Brandenburg Gate opens, and the east 

 side of which opens on the Unter-den-Linden. The Weiden- 

 dammer Bridge, which is wholly of cast-iron, and with a 

 flat road-way, rests on two arched openings at each end, 

 with a passage for boats in the centre, about 27 feet wide. 

 This bridge leads to the Voigtland suburb northwards 

 across the Spree : it is 180 feet in length, about 35 in width 

 between the balustrades, and weighs 400 tons. 



To the south of the Dorotheenstadt lies the Frederick's 

 Town quarter, the largest in Berlin: the western part 

 of it is traversed in its whole length by the handsome 

 street called William's Street, which is nearly 9200 feet 



NO. 242. 



[THE PENNY CYCLOPAEDIA.] 



VOL. IV.-2 Q 



