B E R 





B K I! 



:. and terminate* in the Plan- of tin- Belle Alliance, the 

 northern side of which open* into Frederick's Street, and 

 tin- north-eastern into another handsome street called Linden 

 Street from the row of limes which run on each side oi it. 

 The octagonal Place of Leipzig, the west side of which opens 

 t . the Potsdam Gate and the cut to the fine Street of 

 Mg leading eastwards through the whole of Frederick's 

 Town, contributes also to the embellishment of this quarter. 

 Tin- other principal objects are the Di'mhoff Square, with its 

 obelUk or inilhariuni. from which all the post-office distances 

 are measured; the Ro>al China Manufactory; the Gym- 

 nasium of Frederick William, with a ' real-schule,' or school 

 for practical acquirements; the Collegien-haus, which is the 

 seat of the law commission, the supreme judicial court, the 

 senate and deputies of the chamber of justice (Kummer- 

 frrieht), &c. : the Ansbach Palace, at present appropriated 

 to the Louisa Foundation, a seminary for tlie education of 

 teinule children ; the Palace of the Minister of \Viir, to 

 which a fine gatden is attached: the Palaces of Princes 

 Frederick and Augustus, and Prince Rad/ivil, and of tiie 

 Minister of Jiistu-e; the Mam; Gold and Silver 



Works; the Palace of the nntient Knights of St. .John, in 

 which is the equestrian hull ornamented with the portraits 

 of many of the grand-masters and nmimanden of the order : 

 William's Square, ahout 570 feet long, and 270 liroad, 

 planted round with limes, and embellished with statues of 

 Schwerin, Ziethen, and three other celebrated commanders 

 in the thirty years' war; the Gend'armes Square, on which 

 stand the New and the French Churches with their hand- 

 some towers, one of which is 230 feet high ; the Theatre, 

 and the handsome Concert-room attached t it, all 

 250 feet I'm:, and 21fi wide: the Scc-handlung (Maritime 

 Trade) Company's House : and the house of the Society of 

 Naturalists. Outside of the Halle Gate, which leads into 

 the Place of the Belle Alliance, is the Kreutzberg, on 

 which stands the military monument erected in 1820: this 

 consists of a turrcted Gothic; superstructure of iron, with 

 twelve chapels or recesses beneath it, which are dedicated 

 to the memory of the twelve principal battles fought in the 

 campaigns of 1813, 1814, and 1815, and over which the fol- 

 lowing inscription has been placed : ' The sovereign to his 

 people, who, at his summons, magnanimously poured forth 

 their blood and treasure for their country. In memory of 

 the fallen in gratitude to the living as an excitement to 

 every future generation.' It is supported on a substructure of 

 stone, raised on a terrace 80 feet in diameter, and commands 

 a view of the country for more than 30 miles round. On 

 the Kreutzberg, also, are the beautiful grounds called Tivoli. 



Immediately adjoining the north-eastern part of the 

 quarter of Berlin lies the suburb called the Konigsstadt, or 

 Konig's Vorstadt (the latter word implying a suburb). In 

 its whole length north-eastwards, from Alexander Square to 

 the King's gate, which is one of the outlets through the 

 city walls, it is traversed by the Konig's Strasse or King's 

 Street, 3660 feet long, and of recent construction: the 

 square just mentioned opens into it. This suburb con- 

 tains the Konigsstadt theatre, 153 feet long and about 78 

 wide, built in IB24, and calculated for 1600 spectators : the 

 II i>c of Industry, at the south end of Alexander Square, 

 where the indigent who are disposed to work are lodged 

 and boarded ; the Royal Institute for the Blind ; the AM him 

 for 400 poor children, set on foot by the late Professor 

 W ail zee k in 1810, and bearing his name; the Alexandrina 

 Asylum for 24 girls; the Biischingsche Garden, in which 

 Biiscliing, the geographer, is interred, with his first wife and 

 five children ; the Kckartstein manufactory of earthenware, 

 and the Diiring works, in which sulphuric, muriatic, and 

 other acids arc manufactured ; the Lazareth and Hospital ; 

 an Arylum for widows, &c. 



To the south-east of the Berlin quarter is the Stralau 

 suburb, through which runs the Great Frankfort Street, 

 $508 feet long, between rows of limes to the Frankfort 

 Gate, the most eastern passage through the walls. There 

 are a number of large manufactories in this part of Berlin, 

 _ which we may notice several sugar refineries, a 

 paper-mill, in which 100 reams are made by machinery every 

 day, and Baron von Kottwitz's House of Voluntary In- 

 dustry ; besides a variety of private gardens, &c. 



On the opposite bank of tho Spree lies the Luisenstadt 

 suburb, which is principally filled with gardens and fields. 

 The eastern aide of this suburb is traversed by the Kb'penick 

 Street, 8982 feet in length, which terminates at the Sile- 

 sian Gate. It likewise contains the Dresden Street, S580 



feet Ion;;, which leads to the Cottbus Gale, the Military 

 Kquipim>ntMagazines(.-iriu/Hr.Uiii.'i<i'/). Public-Granary, 

 Waggontrain Establishment, the Dunn, niiei^; C.'itoi, 

 tory, the Church of Louisa, I 



At the north-western extremity of the Prussian capital 

 is the Spandau suburb, which is bounded on the south by 

 the left bank of the Spree, and on the south-cart by the 

 Berlin quarter. Its eastern and western di-ti > 

 spec-lively intersected by two long streets, the I.inien anil 

 OranieniJurger : the Bret-mentioned of these disir> 

 connected with the Cologne (Quarter by the Moiibiiou bridge 

 (also called Fredericks Bridge or the bridge of I! 

 on which stand four large statues and two fine group 

 stone representing Hercules encountering the Ccntam. 

 and the same god on the point of tearing the Nenieau liuii 

 in pieces. This suburb contains the rojal 

 bijou, the residence of Prince Charles of Mecklenburg 

 Strelitz, the king's brother-in-law, with handsome garden!.. 

 pavilions, hothouses, &c. ; the Veterinary School, an admi- 

 rably arranged establishment, with lecture-room, amphi- 

 theatre, garden, laboratory, and infirmary, &.<.: the gre.it 

 Hospital of La Chariti , which makes up 800 beds, and i> 

 connected with the Clinical Institution, und has -li V.HH! .... , 

 in front, a wing at each end, and three stories ; the ( lunch 

 of St. Sophia, the tower and steeple of winch ai< 

 in height: the New Mint; and the Asylum lor the Deaf 

 and Dumb. On the right hand of the street leading from 

 the Oranienburg Gate, and outside of the walls is the cele- 

 brated Iron Foundry, in which beautiful trinkets and other 

 small articles are manufactured. Further to the left stands 

 the Royal Hospital for Invalids, consisting of a main build- 

 ing and two wings, and a separate church for Protestant 

 and Roman Catholics, which maintains nearly 1 unit soldiers, 

 females, and children : over the front is inscribed |.;i 

 invicto iniliti.' At some distance beyond this establishment 

 are the Louisa Baths, embellished with gardens and alk-. 



In addition to the foregoing subdivisions of Berlin, a plan 

 has been laid down for erecting a new quarter of the 

 on the extensive plot of ground called the 'Kc'ipniickcr 

 Feld,' which lies immediately within the southern wall-., and 

 between the right bank of the Spree and Fredericks Town. 

 This plot occupies an area of about 1000 acres, and when 

 fully covered will contain thirty-one streets, eighteen Mp 

 two churches, and acanal from the right bonk of the Sp 

 the Sheep's Fosse. A commencement has already been 

 made towards earning this extensive plan into efl'eei. The 

 town is extensively lighted with gas, supplied by the works 

 erected by the Imperial Continental Gas Company in Lon- 

 don, under the superintendence of Mr. Perks. 



Berlin is the seat of civil und military government for the 

 whole kingdom, and, as will be inferred from our description 

 of its several districts, abounds in literary und scientific 

 blishments, which, where there is need, are liberally sup- 

 ported by the government. The university, founded in 

 1810, and designated the University of Frederick William, 

 after the present sovereign, contains above 120 professors 

 and teachers, and is attended by upwards of 1700 student- 

 Berlin has also four royal gymnasia or high schools, several 

 public seminaries for scholars, civic and rural school 

 ' Louisa Foundation' for educating female teacher-. 

 260 private schools, academies of the arts, sciences, anil 

 mechanical pursuits, schools of design, an academy of archi- 

 tecture, district schools for mechanics, two superior 

 schools, twenty-nine public libraries, valuable collect!' 

 machine:- and models, societies of natural history, geo- 

 graphy, statistics, horticulture, medicine and surgny, 

 pharmacy, philomathics, experimental philosophy an 1 

 dicine, and the amelioration of prison disciplm. 

 is a parent Bible Society, with more than forty air 

 establishments, and a central association lor iho ininhi- 

 tion of religious books in the Prussian territories : a - 

 cicty of Friends of the Arts,' another for the- eilncalimi i f 

 deserted children, the number of whom received into the 

 House of Industry has amounted to 2H5 in three years; 

 und other societies for cultivating the German langi. 

 promoting Christianity among the Jews, and for converting 

 the heathens in tho East Indies and Africa: Hi, 

 Society, &c. To these we add the Frederick's Institute 

 for educating sixty soldiers' children, several schools of 

 industry for children, a number of Sunday schools; a 

 bank for savings, which has thriven rapidly, and in 

 had 23,000 depositors, with deposits to tho amount of 

 80S, 801 dollars, or 110.750/. ; and various associations for 



