B E V 



354 



B E W 



Graret't Srhooli. The Rev. James Graves, formerly 



ruruU at the Minster, bequeathed upward* of 2000/. to bo 



invested in tliu public funds for the education of the childr.-n 



of die |>oor. The tchoob were commenced in the year 1610. 



amber of boy* taught by this charity is 80 ; the num- 



, i also so ; they are instructed ou tho system of 



Dr. Bfll in tx>th M-liooU. 



School was commenced in the year 1815: 

 it i* ~..j I'.Micd t>y voluntary contributions, and it is for the 

 instruct] !! of boys only. The corporation subscribe '<!!/. 

 annually to this sclioo). About 230 children are taught, 

 and each child, in this school and in Graves's Schools pays 

 one shilling quarterly. 



Tbe Blue Coat School was established by subscription in 

 1 709. It has received some handsome donations, but its 

 funds appear to be adequate to the maintenance, clothing, 

 and instruction of only eight pupils. The other institutions 

 of Bcverley are a Savings' Bank, a Dispensary, a News- 

 Room, and a Mechanics' Institute. The latter has 108 

 members. * The borough gaol is only used for the confine- 

 ment of persons committed for trial, those sentenced to 

 simple confinement, and debtors; prisoners sentenced to 

 hard labour are confined in the House of Correction for the 

 East Riding of the county, which is built within the liber- 

 ties of the town.' (Corporation Reportt.) 



In places where the church has exercised any considerable 

 degree or influence, we find many charities for the relief 

 of the poor, the aged, and the infirm. Beverley dispenses 

 many such benefactions. Bread is given away in consider- 

 able quantities at the Minster, at regular and frequent 

 intervals. There are also almshouses, and hospitals for 

 widows and old men ; donations of coal, clothing, and 

 money, and numerous other 'gifts' and ' charities.' In ad- 

 dition to these supplies to the poor, every freeman residing 

 within the borough enjoys a right of pasture for a certain 

 number of cattle over 121 7 acres of fine land, called the 

 common-pastures, under certain regulations, and for small 

 payments. The freedom of the borough is obtained by birth, 

 by servitude, or by purchase ; the last at the will of the 

 corporation. 



The worthies of Beverley, especially deserving of notice, 

 are, John of Beverley; Alured, Aired, or Alfredus, the his- 

 torian (see ALURED); John Alcock, successively bishop 

 of Rochester, Worcester, and Ely ; John Fisher, bishop of 

 Rochester; bishop Green, who was a benefactor to the Blue 

 Coat School ; and several others of minor note. Mary God- 

 win (Wolstoncroft) was not hern at Beverley, as has some- 

 times been related : she came from Epping, near London, 

 with her parents, and resided with them at a farm near 

 Bcverley. 



As the capital of the East Riding of Yorkshire, Beverley 

 contains several public buildings which are devoted exclu- 

 sively to county purposes. Amongst these are the Ses-i >ns 

 House, the East Riding House of Correction, and the Re- 

 gister Office. The Sessions House is situated without the 

 North Bar, on the approach to the town from Mali m, 

 Driffield, Sic. The House of Correction is in the immediate 

 vicinity of the Sessions House, from which it is separated 

 by the house of the governor. The prisoners ore divided 

 into fourteen classes, and have separate beds, and airing 

 yards. In the House of Correction is a treadmill, on \\liich 

 seventy-two persons may be employed ; it is applied to the 

 grinding of chalk for the manufacture of whiting. There 

 is also a school where the prisoners are instructed in read- 

 ing, writing, and arithmetic. This gaol and its appurte- 

 nances cost about 42.000/. 



The Register Office is for the registry of deeds, convey- 

 ances, wills, &c. affecting " honors, manors, hind-, tene- 

 ment*, or hereditaments'' within the K;i-t Hiding. The 

 Registrar is chosen by freeholders of the East Riding pos- 

 MMing an estate of 1 OU/. annual value. 



We acknowledge the assistance we have derived from 

 Scaum's Hevrrlac in drawing up the present article, to 

 which we would refer our readers for further information. 

 It is a portion of local history replete with interesting de- 

 tails for the historian and antiquary. (Communication from 

 Yorkikire; from Brvtrley.) 



BEVERLEY, JOHN DE. a celebrated English ecclesi- 

 astic of the seventh and eighth centuries. Fuller remarks, in 

 recording the history of Yorkshire worthies, that St. John 

 of Beverley may be claimed by this county on a three- fold 

 title; because he was born at Harpham, in the county; 

 was upwards of thirty-three yean archbishop of York ; and 



because he died at Beverley, in this county, in B college of 

 his own foundation. He was one of the first sehol.. 

 his age, having been instructed in the learned hin^ua^- 

 Theodore Archbishop of Canterbury, and he \. 

 tutor of the venerable Bede. Th. works arc . 



tinted to him : 1. ' Pro LucS Exponendo,' :. , aids 



an exposition of St Luke, addn uilito 



in Evangelia ;' 3. ' Epistolao ad Hcrchaldum. Andenum, 

 et Bcrtinum: 4. ' Epistolo) ad Holduni Ahlialissam.' lie 

 was advanced to the see of Haguetold, or Hexliam, by 

 Alfred, king of Northumberland, and on the death of 

 Bosa, Archbishop of York, in <s", he was translat. 

 the vacant sec. In 704 he founded a college at 1!. 

 for secular priests. In 717 he retired from i 

 piscopal functions to Beverley, where he died May 7th, 

 721. Three or four centuries after his decease li is body 

 was exhumed by order of Alfric, Archbishop of York, and 

 placed in a richly-adorned shrine. When William the 

 Conqueror ravaged the north with a numerous army, he 

 gave orders that the town of Beverley should be *] 

 and from a similar feeling of veneration for his character, a 

 synod, which was held at London in 1416, directed the anni- 

 versary of his death to be commemorated among the fes- 

 tivals of the church. Fuller says, in his account of John 

 of Beverley, which was published in 1660, that his picture 

 was to be seen in a window at the library at Salisbury, with 

 an inscription under it, ' whose character ma\ challenge 

 three hundred years of antiquity, utlirming him the first 

 Master of Arts in Oxford.' It appears probable, from a 

 memorandum in Antony i Wood's Diary for 1664, that the 

 shrine in which the remains of John of Beverley had been 

 placed by Archbishop Alftic was injured by a fire w In. !i 

 took place in the church in 1188. The following is the me- 

 morandum alluded to. ' Upon the taking up of a thick 

 marble stone lying in the middle of the choir of Be\ 

 in Yorkshire, near the entrance into the choir, was found 

 under it a vault of squared free-stone, five feet in length, 

 two feet in breadth at the head, and one foot and a halt at 

 the foot. In this vault was discovered a sheet of lead, four 

 feet in length, containing the dust of St. John of Beverley, 

 as also six beads, three of which were cornelian, the other 

 crumbled to dust. There were also in it four great brass 

 pins and four iron nails. Upon this sheet of lead was fixed 

 a plate of lead, on which was this following inscription, a 

 copy of which was sent to A. W. : " Anno ab incarnatione 

 Domini 1 188, combusta fuit hoec ecclesia, in niense Sept. in 

 sequent! nocte post Festum Sancti Ma(tha>i Apostoli ; et 

 in anno 1197, 6 Id. Martii, facta fuit Inquisiiio Rcliquiaruin 

 Beati Johannis in hoc loco, et inventa gunt hoec ossa in 

 oriental! parte sepulchri, et hie rceondita, et pulvis cemento 

 mixtus ibidem inventus et reconditus." A box of lead 

 about seven inches in length did lay athwart the plate .f 

 lead. In this box were divers pieces of bones mixed with 

 dust, and yielding a sweet smell.' 



Alphred of Beverloy was treasurer of the convent in the 

 twelfth century. Fuller says that he wrote n chronicle from 

 Brutus to the time of his own death, which Imppcned in 

 1136. 



In the fourteenth century lived John of Beverley, the 

 Carmelite monk. He was a doctor and professor of divinity 

 at the university of Oxford, and wrote 1 . ' Questtones in 

 Magistrum Sentcntiarum ;' 2. ' Disputaliones Ordina; 



BBWCA8TLE, a small village, formerly a market town, 

 in a large parish of the same name in the county of Cum- 

 berland. The name is written Beuthrastle in old records, 

 and was so called from the castle of the family of Beuth 

 which held the property of the district before the Conquest, 

 ami lor several reigns after that event. Bewraslle now be- 

 longs to Sir James Graham, to whose mice-tor it was 

 granted by Charles I. It is concluded to have liecn a Ro- 

 man station, garrisoned by part of the Lfgin <</</ Au- 

 gusta, as a security to the workmen who were employed 

 in erecting the famous wall. Many vestiges of antient 

 buildings still remain, and numerous Roman coins and 

 some iiiM-riptions have been found here. The cast). 

 battered down by the parliamentary forces in the > ear I li i I . 

 Its remains, as well as the parish church, are enel.-M-d !>y a 

 dyke and fuss; and it would appear, like mam other 

 northern castles, to have been erected on the site of a Ro- 

 man station. The church is a small structure, on a rising 

 ground at a small distance from the castle. The hvin- 



., worth 81/. per annum. Opposite the church porch, 

 at the distance of a few yards from it, is the famous mono- 



