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University of St. Andrews' : the catalogue of the St. An- 

 drews' Library appeared, also in one volume folio, in 182G. 

 No catalogue, we believe, has ever been printed of the library 

 of the University of Edinburgh, or of either that of King's 

 College, or that of Marischal College, Aberdeen. Of the 

 library belonging to the Faculty of Advocates in Edinburgh, 

 by far the largest and most valuable collection in Scotland, 

 a catalogue, drawn up by the learned Thomas Ruddiman, 

 who was librarian for some years, was published in 17-12 in 

 folio ; and to this several supplementary volumes have since 

 been added. 



A higher description of catalogues are those not of par- 

 ticular collections, but of books generally, or of certain 

 classes of books, arranged in reference either to their sub- 

 jects, their dates, their authors, or their titles. 



One of the earliest attempts made to present in this way 

 what we may call a complete survey of printed literature 

 was that of Conrad Gesner, in his ' Bibliotheca Universalis,' 

 published in one volume folio in 1565. In this catalogue 

 the works are arranged according to the names of the au- 

 thors ; but although designated an universal library, it is 

 confined to books in the Greek, Latin, and Hebrew lan- 

 guages, which, although comprehending by far the greater 

 part, did not even then include the whole of literature. 

 Gesner, however, remains to the present day without any 

 successor in his vast enterprise. No subsequent work has 

 appeared professing to survey in the same manner the whole 

 field of existing literature. The nearest approach that has 

 been made to any thing of the kind is in the ' Bibliotheca 

 Britannica' of the late Dr. Robert Watt of Glasgow, four 

 vols. 4to. Edin. 1824. This is a most elaborate, meritorious, 

 and useful work ; but, as its title indicates, it is to be con- 

 sidered as aiming at completeness only in regard to English 

 works ; those which it notices in other languages, although 

 also amounting to a very large number, being professedly 

 only a selection. Owing also to the residence of the author 

 in a remote provincial town, where he was precluded from 

 access to many of the most valuable sources of information, 

 his work is neither so full nor so correct as with better op- 

 portunities it might have been made ; and some additional 

 inaccuracies have crept into it from his not having lived to 

 see it through the press. With all these drawbacks, how- 

 ever, it is still an extraordinary monument of industry, and 

 a help to the student of very great value. It consists of two 

 parts, in the first of which the books are arranged according 

 to the names of the authors, and in the second according 

 to their subjects. 



In a few cases attempts have been" made to present 

 catalogues of all the works written in some single lan- 

 guage, or by the authors of some single country. As ex- 

 amples of catalogues of this description may be mentioned 

 the 'Illustrium Majoris Britannia) Scriptorum Summarium' 

 of John Bale, first published in 1458 (for an account of 

 which see BALE) ; the ' De Academiis et lllustribus An- 

 glise Scriptoribus' of John Pits, the first volume of which 

 (the only one ever published) appeared at Paris in 4to. in 

 1G19; tho 'Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica' of Bishop 

 Tanner, folio, 1748; the 'Bibliotheca Belgica' of John 

 Francis Foppens, 2 vols. 4to. 1 739 ; and the ' Bibliotheca 

 llispana, Nova et Vetus,' 4 vols. folio, 1672 and 1696, of 

 Nicholas Antonio. Under this head also may be men- 

 tioned the several admirable works of John Albert Fa- 

 brioius, entitled the ' Bibliotheca Latina,' 2 vols. 4to. ; the 

 ' Bibliotheca Media) et Inlirnso Latinitatis,' 6 vols. 4to. ; 

 and the ' Bibliotheca Grseca,' the second edition of which, 

 by Harlea, published at Hamburgh in 1790-1809, is in 12 

 volumes, 4to. To these may be added, as works of the same 

 class, but of very inferior character, Dr. Harwood's ' View 

 of the Principal Editions of the Greek and Roman Classics,' 

 8vo. 1775, and Dr. Dibdin's 'Introduction to a Knowledge 

 of rare and valuable editions of the Greek and Roman 

 Classics,' which was first published in 1802, and has been 

 since several times reprinted. 



A much more numerous class of catalogues are those of 

 all the books written either in some one language, or in all 

 languages, upon a particular department ef knowledge. 

 Thus we have the ' Bibliotheca Theologica,' the ' Bibliotheca 

 Juridica,' the ' Bibliotheca Philosophical and the ' Biblio- 

 thecix Medica,' of Martin Lipenius, or the whole collected 

 in six volumes, folio, under the title of 'Bibliotheca Realis. 

 To the ' Bibliotheca Juridica' valuable supplements were 

 added by Scholt in 1775 and by Seckenberg in 1789, which 

 have increased the work to four volumes folio. One of 



the Tory best of this -class of works is tho great French 

 work by the Pore Le Long, entitled ' Bibliotheque lii*- 

 torique de la France,' an account of works both printed and 

 manuscript on French history, the last edition "of which, 

 published at Paris in 1768-78, is in fire volumes folio. The 

 'Bibliotheca Historica' of Meusc-1, published at Leipzig in 

 1782-1804, in 22 volumes, 8vo., is much more extensive in 

 its design, comprehending both historical and geographical 

 works relating to all countries and in all languages. Other 

 works of this class are the 'Bibliotheca Magna Rabbinica' 

 of Julius Bartoloccius, 4 vols. fol. Rome, 1675, with tha 

 supplement of C. J. Imbonatus, fol. Rome, 1694; the 

 ' Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Historia Literaria' of Cave, 

 2 vols. fol. Oxford, 1740; Lake Wadding's ' Scriptores 

 Ordinis Minorum,' fol. Rome, !60 (a highly-esteemed and 

 scarce work); Ribadeneira's 'Bibliotheca Scriptorum So- 

 cietatis Jesu,' fol. Rome, 1676; Le Long's 'Bibliotheca 

 Sacra' (an account of the editions of the Scriptures and of 

 the versions of them in various languages), 2 vols. fol. 

 Par., 1723; Humphrey Wanley's Catalogue of Saxon 

 Writers and their Works, forming the second volume of 

 Hickes's ' Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium ;' the edi- 

 tion of the work of Van der Linden, ' De Scriptis Medicis,' 

 published by G. A. Mercklin in 4to. at Nuremberg in IGSfi 

 under the title of ' Lindenius Renovatus ;' the ' Bibliotheca 

 Scriptorum Veterum et Recentiorum' of J. J. Manget, 4 vols. 

 fol. Geneva, 1731 ; the excellent catalogue of the writers 

 ' De Morbis Venereis' in the second volume of Astruc's 

 treatise on that subject [see ASTRUC] ; the ' Bibliotheca 

 Mathematica' of Murhard, 5 vols. 8vo/ Leipz. 1797-1805; 

 the ' Bibliographic Astronomique' of La Land, 4to. Paris, 

 1803; the 'Bibliotheque des Voyages' of Boucher de la 

 Richarderie, 6 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1808; Bridgman's .'Legal 

 Bibliography,' 8vo. 1807; the 'English Topographer,' by 

 Dr. Richard Rawlinson, 8vo. 1 720 ; and the ' Bibliographi- 

 cal Account of the Principal Works relating to English To- 

 pography,' by Mr. Upcott, 3 vols. 8vo. 1818, one of the 

 most accurate of this description of publications. 



Another subdivision of this class of bibliographical works 

 consists of catalogues of all such hooks as have been pub- 

 lished up to a certain date posterior to the invention of 

 printing, or of those that have appeared in some particular 

 age, or that have issued from some particular press. Among 

 the most remarkable of these are Maittaire's ' Annales Ty- 

 pographies; ah artis inventae origine,' 5 vols. 4to., of which 

 the first was published in 1719 at the Hague, and the last 

 at London in 1741 (to this should be added the supplement 

 by Denis, 2 vols. 4to. Vienna, 1789); Panzer's 'Annales 

 Typographies ab artis inventao origine,' 1 1 vols. 4to. Nu- 

 remberg, 1793-1803, in which work, founded upon tho 

 preceding, the list of books is brought down to the year 

 1536; Ames's ' Typographical Antiquities, being an His- 

 torical Account of Printing in England from 1471 to 1GOU' 

 [see AMES] ; Maittaire's ' Historia Stephanorum,' 2 vols. 

 8vo. London, 1 709 ; Maittaire's ' Historia Typographorum 

 Aliquot Parisienium,' 2 vols. 8 vo. London, 1717 ; and Rc- 

 nouard's ' Annales de 1'Imprimerie des Aide,' 2 vols. 8vo. 

 Paris, 1803. 



To these works are to be added many others, which pro- 

 ceed upon a principle of selection. Such are tho following 

 A. Beyer's ' Memorise Historico-criticac Librorum Rariorum,' 

 8vo. Drcsd. et Leipz. 1734 ; J. Vogt's ' Catalogus Historico- 

 Criticus Librorum Rariorum,' 8vo. I lamb. 1 753, and again, 

 improved, in 1793; S. Engel's ' Bibliotheca Selectissima, 

 seu Catalogus Librorum in omni genere scientiarum raris- 

 simorum, cum notis bibliographicis, 8vo. Bern. 1743; D. 

 Clement's ' Bibliotheque Curieuse, ou Catalogue Raisonne' 

 des Livres rares et difticiles a trouver,' 9 vols. 4to. Gottingen, 

 1750-60. This extensive work, in which the titles of the 

 books arc arranged alphabetically, comes down only to the 

 letter H, having been stopped at that point by the death of 

 the author. De Bure's ' Bibliographic Instructive, ou Trait6 

 de la Connoissance des Livres Rares et Singuliers, con- 

 tenant un Catalogue Raisonne de la plus grande partie 

 de ces livres precieux qui ont paru successivement dans 

 la Republique des Lettres, depuis 1'Invention de I'lm- 

 primerie,' 7 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1703-68. In 17G9 the author 

 published a catalogue of the library of Louis Jean Gaignat, 

 in 2 vols. 8vo., under the title of a supplement to hi* 

 ' Bibliographic ;' and in 1782 a tenth volume was added 

 to the work, being an index to the anonymous books 

 mentioned in it, which were not included in the original 

 index. Of the original seven volumes, the first is occu- 



