TEC 



140 



TEC 



frmn ll.e vulva to the extremity of the penis, conducts the 

 semen nt tho t: AII enormous membranous 



crop U'Hi .lar inz/urd, armed within \vitli , 



KlQOi -, winch Hi .1 third 



i-v-t with (n.i::!cd hooks, and a i 



a cvcum. Tl:< 'uniinc-us. These ainniaK 



feed on (- A particular glan>l 



by a ir Ui tin: vulva a limpia 1. 



which i- - erid in certain s; d from 



the ) there oozes abundantly a deep 



purple liquor, with which the animal colours the sea for a 

 lerai'le distance around w lieu it perceives any danger. 

 Tlio eggs are disposed in long interlaced glairy filaments, 

 del:. Unread. 



:IT instances as examples trom the European seas, 



. '/ 'In. ami ili'/i.liins. 



The acrid humour notieeil al)ove probably gave rise to 

 the accounts of the poison of the Lcj'ux nnu-i/r 



, vm, and most probably Avlyxiti drpi/m>x) iiinoni; the 

 antients. See, for example, 1'finy, Nat. Hixt., lib. xx.. 

 c. xxi. ; lib. xxiii., c. vi.. ^:c. 



In the museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in 

 London, Xo. 625 of the Phytidlorical Seties, is ;in Aplysiii 

 iitl/ii, in which the mantle has been laid open on the left 

 side, and the peritoneal membrane dissected away, to show 

 the intestinal canal winding among the lobes of the liver : 

 the tunics of the ink-Mint- being thin and transparent, per- 

 mit the contents of the canal to be distinctly seen ; these 

 -t of particles of sand with comminuted fragments of 

 zoophytes and shells : so that it appears that their diet is 

 not merely vegetable, as Cuucr seems to have thought. 

 ies are inserted at the mouth and amis; the latter 

 e is situated in the branchial cavity, below the trills. 

 -Xo. (j'JG is the intestinal canal of a 'larger specie- ol 

 in, distended with similar particle -s of earthy matter; 

 and the author of the Catalogue remarks tliat this prepara- 

 tion affords a striking example of the powers of living 

 organized matter, and cannot be contemplated without 

 surprise, when we consider the force that must be exerted 

 to propel a column of such heavy and rude materials ulontr 

 a tortuous canal provided with paiietes apparently so in- 

 adequate to sustain the necessary picture. No. I'tll 1 is a 

 small Aplysia alba, Cuv., with a portion of the mantle 

 ted away to expose the branchiae of an arborescent 

 structure, but more complex and better defended than in 

 the Doris, the respiratory cavity beiiiir shielded by a thin 

 horny plate or rudimentary shell. No. 1012 is a larger 

 specimen of the same species of Aiilysia, further dissected, 

 o as to show, in addition to the branchiae, the heart and 

 pericardium, the month and masticatory organs, the 

 stomach, nervous ganglia, and the penis on the liirht side 

 of the neck. A portion of the shell is left to show how 

 loosely it U lodged between the layers of membrane form- 

 ing the roof of the branchial chamber; and No. 1013 ex- 

 hibits another species (Aplysia Camelus, Cuv.). showing 

 the bra:-.;-hi;e in their natural position, without dissection, 

 bv merely separating the dorsal lobe* of the mantle and 

 elevating the roof of the branchial chamber. (Cat., 

 vols. i. ii.) 



M, de Blainville divides the genus Aplytia into the fol- 

 lowing sections : 



A. Species whoc lateral appendages arc very wide, 



divided behind, and depressed. 

 Example, Ajilyxia d'-ilnn. 



B. Species whose narrower appendages are united 



and elevated behind. 

 Example, Aplytia vulgaritt. 



C. Species whose appendages arc very wide, and 



which have only two tentacles, behind which 

 arc the eyes. (Genus Arta-mi, Okcn.) 

 Example, Aplyxnt ririilix. 



D. Elongated -pccies with a subulate' tail : the four 



tentacle* long and slender; the branchial cavity 

 snbdorsal, without opcrculum or shell. 



Example. Aply.u'a Hriin^ninrtn. 



The other genera arranged by De Hlainville. under the 

 Aplysians are Doiabelia, Burtatella, , and 



Kl.YMA. 



M. Rang divides Aplysia into two subgcnera : 



I. Tlie Aplvsm:, properly so called (!.'ii>/i/\>n, Linn. ; 



Dofabella, l.un. ; 'and Artirmi. Oken). 

 Tlii mbgenui is tlm fharaele.-i/.-.l by M. Rang: 

 Animal funiislied with a dorsal slit, always median and 



longitudinal ; foot largo, branchiir enclo^.l in the bottom 

 ofa cavity, wlun.e their K-iiirth doe- 



Muled, at, .!,. 



' rudimentary, calcatvou-. nu uiddt-n in 



tlie tin .him. 



nup. 



Body convex behind, nn oblique postei. irder* 



of the mantle dox'd on the back, and iiii) 

 ming. 



Shell triangular and very calcareous. 

 'I hi : , n,is Jiii/nhi-llii of Ijunarck. 



H\ ////. Kc. 



2nd Group. 



Body narrowed at the two extremities, no disk, borders 

 of the mantle MTV small and improper for swim;- 

 Shell subquadrangular and calcareous. 

 This uronp, M. Kantr . : ,1 ,,f u,. w 



-, with the exception of one, which was erroneously 

 arranged among the l>nl :!,< II,/-. 

 Kxample, Aj>tyxin <li>ll,rifera. 



3rd Groni>. 



Body narrowed at the two extremities ; borders of tile- 

 mantle dilated and proper for swimming. 



Shell siibrounded, membranous, and solidified bv 

 careous stratum. 



M. Kaiii: remarks that this group has for Us type the 

 srenus laplyna of Linnaeus, and he divides it iiit 



'MS. 



A. A tube at the membrane of the opcrculum. 

 1'A.imple, Aplytia fatciata. 



B. An aperture at the membrane of tin- operculum. 



II. Submenus: Xotiirchim, Cuv. 



The other genera arranged |.\ M. Hang under theAply- 

 sians are Riirxntet/ti and actceon. ,Mniu. 



Mr. J. E. Gray makes the Aflii*i<i<l,r. the 2nd family of 

 his 3rd order (PleurobrancMala), consist of the g 

 Aplytia, Dolabella, and .\ntnrcliiix. The family is | 

 between the Jiiit/idff and the t'nibrclliilrr-. 



As an illustration of the genus .ljt!y*i<i, we take .l/'ly- 



. Blackish, with large cloudy greyish 

 or blotches, or of different shades of brown tinsred with 

 blue or purple. 



Locality and Habits. European seas, where it adheres 

 to rocks. 



A].]\>ta dopllans. 



Dolabella. 



Cuvier observes that this form only differs from the 



iliixiff in having the branchia- and that which surrounds 

 them at the posterior extremity of the body, which re- 

 sembles a truncated cone. Their lateral crest, he adds 

 docs not close on the branchial apparatus, leaving a narrow 

 furrow, and their shell is calcareous. 



Locality and Habits. East Indian seas, and Mediter- 

 ranean, where it has been found at a depth of six fathoms 

 on sands. 



The J.aplysians of Lamarck ronsist of the genera Aplytia, 

 and Diilulifllit only; and M. Dcshnyes, in the last edition 

 of the ' Animaux sans Vertehres,' tins sums up the infor- 

 mation on the subject. Lamarck, he observes, knew little 

 of the animals of this family, thnnch he had indeed >ccn 

 some species preserved in spirit of wine in the anatomical 

 collection of the museum. Thus he only admitted the two 

 irem-ra last above named into the family. Since the pub- 

 lication of I-'imarck's work. M. de Hlainville. in his mono- 

 graph of the Ajtlysia-, and, above all. M. llane, in lu'n 



