an ol 



M 



ii by th. !' 



;>on Ih 



. ' ItTtlt 1OI1 



180 



T E M 



a little later (li 



:uul its iiitlucn 

 wli<i were not 



:i .1* III. 

 . Ill tin 1 :'. 



"ACrflll H both. Oil (Olid!' 



9 i>( tin 



^ .:' li:i'i)'.vll : ar.d 111 I'll- c .1 .. v ''M.i 



.- and inn lowered upon it 1)) p. 



( time it acquired ample , 

 . iiuntry ol' Kuropc. At the head ol' Un- 

 order wa.-. tin 1 MaMcr, or Giand-i; 



HS Mugittrr), who v r not only cU-cU-d by 



tin- Chapter, or ireneral body ui' tin- Kni/h!-, but 

 much controlled hv tliat 1 .1 ini- 



ujuli-r him hi- 



i officers V . ^C. 



Tin- several countries in Asia and Europe in which the 

 order had , .iiimnatcd Provinces; and 



,if them v. :>' i-hiel'. 



inditfcrentU, a Grand Prior, Grand Preceptor, or 1'iovmcial 



'.-. I'ndcr tile provincial master- were the 1 

 otherwise called Bailil's or Masters, who liail > 

 of one of tlie distiict.-. into which the province was divided ; 

 and finally, under the prioi- were ilie Prcccploi-.. e:ieh ol' 

 whom pic-idcd over a single house ol' the older (01 

 times over two or three adjoim v.hic.h were con- 



sidered a.-, one establieboncnt), hence calli ptory. 



The head pro'. 'hat of Jerusalem : the affair- ol' 



the order, in 1'aet. directed by 



the ehapter of this province, whii-h \va.s invested ', 



itulion with all the , al all 



vh a cha, i uit a.-rtemblcd. The 



I-prior of .Icru irer of the 



order; and in thi.s piovince the grand--: 

 loiu: as tin 1 (.'lirisliuns retained any footing in ti 



:n the city of Jerusalem, from the oiis'in of th 

 till 1 1H7, w'iii'n :i ivas taken, and the kingdom 



founded hy Godfrey of Bouillon put an end In, by Saladin ; 

 then (iifli'i H retirement of lour years to Antu.r 

 from 1101 till 1217; then at the'neuly -h; ; of the 



Pil^, : 'a! rd on the sea-coa-,1 a few miles 



north of ' 11 the fall .mJ the final ex- 



tinction of the Latin iio'.ver in PaleMinr. in 1102. On 

 this the KniirhN took rel'iiLTe in the town of I.imi.v>o (other- 



ailed Limavi!, in Cypnis. The other provinces in 



i-t were Tripolis and Antioeh : to which Cyprus, till 

 then included in one of these, was added after that Ulaml 

 became, the h. the order. The v 



provinces were. Portugal. (.';i>tile and Leon. An: 

 imil Auverirne. Normandy. Acpiitaine or Poitou. Provence, 

 England (m which Scotland and Ireland v, ere included), 



::my. rjiper a-:d Central Italy, Apulia, and Sicily. 

 For some time after i1 on the onVr of the 



Teni])lars eonsi-ted exclusively of laymen. Hut in the 



1 1(!2, the famous hull entitled (liime Datum Opti- 

 mum.' is^ii''d l>y Pope Alexander III., anioni; other im- 

 portant privileges which it. 1 r, per- 

 mitted it i -phitual persons who 

 were not bound by piv \iont vows. ThcM' .spiritual nu'in- 

 fijains. They did i r take 

 the military vo ot only 



' 



in th' year in tin- hoii-i 

 nder an i: 



i join th 



1 

 





 ' 



in the 

 illy invited by their 



pointed preceptor.-.. 



hediencc. 



lie order in: 



-brethieii however could not be iireeeptni 

 I lie hiL'he tile order. Latter!), : 



the foiiiiei attending the kniirhts to ihi- ieldase^p.. 



us hundici-iiM- n 



on the land- p to the order. The si 



ol arms v, ; to Mini hv much 



honourable' of the t . and were treated with 



much more consideration than the others; but both ap- 

 }K-ar to have been equally entitled to be present at i 



: the ehapter, although it ma ..ined lliat 



,1111: -brethren either \otetl or took purt ill 

 the deliberation*. The order also associated to itself many 

 peison> under the name of Affiliated Member*, who 

 no MIWS. as-umed no peculiar drew, nor becai: 

 to any duties or services: but. contimiinr to pursue their 

 ordinary secular occupations merelv purchased enrolment 

 in the rank.- of the powerful nnd hiirhlyprix 

 of the Teui])le for the sake of the , and other 



advantages, both temporal and spiritual, v 

 a mere nominal membcislnp i usureii. 

 prehended women a.s well as men. Finally. 

 the l)<>i::it: and the i ililnti. consislinsr of children 

 r bv their - - rclation.- 



also of persons of all ranks, both l.iity and i ' 

 without entering the order, pledged thei: 

 by it and to maintain its n 



The history of the X mplars would cmbrnc 



hi.-tory of the Wl insl the b 



in thi' Ka>t for :;11 the time the. :ilish- 



ii the order. For more than a him.: 

 lie Temple formed th. 



portion ul - -. and almost every em 



ter with the enemy boie testimony to their unequalled 

 prowess and daring. But, it may nevertheless be 

 tinned whether the establishment of this and the other 

 ilia military orders proved advantage" 



-i -.erinirlv made to wrest the Hoi) Land 

 from the dominion of the Infidels. The Templars and 

 Hospitallers probably damaged and weakened the 

 for which they fought, as much by their rivalry, jea- 

 jiiently open contention, a.s they aided 

 it by their valour. On SIM <\\ be- 



tween the two order- :imke 



them dcM-rt or withhold a^i-lauee frmn each other in the 

 lest danirers, but even to throw one of them for the 

 time into concert with the common enemy. 



.h such charges have been h.".ji . 

 tiaied . ' liey can I, 



luilled of treachery in son: 



and the mo^t scandalous abandonment of their dut: 

 the public cause. Then, the immcn- nd worldly 



'.vhich the Templai-s ill pailiciilar s, 



r and spin! of 



their institution was half a century old. 



Within thi.' ,i the origin ol the urdei. 



two at lea-t of the fom vows which the memlu : 

 tinuc'l ad become a mockery and a pi 



i\ and eha-tity, they wen 



p and pride, and the general I 







ion, the extent to which it bid 

 milications in all d: 



ivc lonir withstood tli 

 , within it, if it had not di 

 itself .-in a.-saidt from without hy which it could not 



of the Tempi:: 



Th 



IV.. suinained Li 



iip, who c 



Ull. |e, tl :.. 



III., wine, 



:! V.itl, 



with : 



