T I 



210 



TEN 



France during the rcigii of Charles V., it being often 



! 1'Y tilt- nobility lor large sums of IP Imps 



the't i the irame in England is that 



wine! has introduced, almost in the words of 



the .. His 'Hoi. A here 



the dauphin sends a present of tennis-balls in answer to 

 ,'s demand for the sovereignty of France. Henry 

 VII. V,:i- a tennis-player; and, as an entry in :i MS. re- 

 M-nditure in the thirteenth year of hi* reign 

 iont an item of twelve-pence for liislass at tennis and 

 pence for the loss of balls, it may be inferred that 

 .me was played abroad, as the loss of balls is not 

 likely to have happened in a tennis-eourt. He this as it 

 may." in the sixteenth century tennis-courts were common 

 in England, and the game was very popular with the no- 

 bility, which it continued to be down to the reign of 

 Charles II., who frequently (liveried himself by playing at 

 tennis with his courtiers. Tennis-courts were divided by a 

 line stretched in the middle, and the players, standing on 

 each side with their rackets in their hands, were required to 

 the ball '>r,-r this line. A similar same was some- 

 ith a hollow leather ball, inflated with air, 

 and cnlleii driven from one player to 



another by striking with the hand, or with a wooden bracer 

 Axed upon the hand and lower arm. Farther particular* 

 respecting the<e and other games played with a ball may 

 be found in Strutt's ' Sports and Pastimes,' and ' Horda- 

 AngfM'ynnan.' 



TENON, .l.U'QUES-RE'NE', an eminent French sur- 

 geon, whose father also belonged to the medical profession. 

 was born in 1724. He went to Paris in 1741, where his 

 zeal and talents soon gained him the notice of Winslow. 

 and also of Antoine and Bernard de .lussieu. The first of 

 these celebrated men initiated him in the study of anatomy ; 

 the two others developed in him a taste for botany and 

 natural history. In spite of the prejudices and example of 

 his contemporaries. Tenon understood that surgery, far 

 from being separated from the other branches of medical 

 science, and restricted to the mere performance of opera- 

 lions, is on the contrary most strictly united to them. 

 Accordingly from this time he had a wider field opened to 

 him for his professional labours ; and he united to the 

 study and treatment of surgical affections minute ana- 

 tomical investigations and ingenious physiological experi- 

 ments. In a short time he acquired a well-merited repu- 

 tation ; and though inferior to some other modern French 

 surgeons in skill and genius for that particular department 

 .nee. yet few have surpassed him in the extent of his 

 studies and the variety of his information. In 1744 Tenon 

 was appointed an army surgeon of the first class (rfiirur- 

 ri'inicri' chute "'"' nrmfes\ and served in the 

 following year throughout the campaign in Flanders. On 

 his return to Paris he obtained by competition ( ron- 

 rours) the situation of ch. : to the hospital of La 



Salpetriere.and founded near it a celebrated establishment 

 for inoculation, a practice which his labours contributed 

 much to propagate. He afterwards became a member of 

 the College and of the Royal Academy of Surgery, and 

 succeeded Andouille as professor of pathology. In 

 I7~>7 he was received into the Academy of Sciences. 

 Tenon belonged to the first Lcirislal'n v. and there 



displayed the same Jfcalous philanthropy \\liich seemed to 

 belong to all his actions. Upon the re-organization of the 

 learned sociclics. he became a member of the Institute of 

 the first class, and read in that assembly many interesting 

 papers. He was also a member of the I.. : , , <.\ Honour 

 and of scveial learned and scientific societies, and pre- 

 served to the end of his life the same lo\e of labour and 

 the same zeal for the advancement of science which had 

 marked the earl his caiecr. He died at l';iris, on 



the 15th of January. IsHi. at the advanced age of ninety- 

 two, -ons huve written so many memoirs and 

 monotrraplM as Tenon : many of these have only been pub- 

 lished' in the animal analysis of the pr< of the 

 Institute: he is also said to h:r. liiml him .1 

 number of manuscripts. More than thirty of his we.: 

 mentioned in the I,* f which the fol- 

 lowing are the most important: ]> ' Paris, 

 17"i7. '". ' Mi'-moircs Mir rKxfotiatioii ch before 

 the Academy of Seieii'-e* iu I7-">H, 17^'J, and 17<X), and 

 afterwards printed, together with some others, with the 

 title ' M''"]i"in , SMI I'Anatomie, la Pathologic, et la Chi- 

 rurgie,' Paru, 1806, 8vo. ' Mcmoire sur les Hopitaux de 



Paris,' Paris, 1788, 4to.; a very able memoir, which haj 

 served as a model for many that have been <m< e written 

 on the same subject, in which ; i out almost all 



the improvements that have been introduced into the 

 French hospitals. His last work, which was published 

 when he was ninety years old. is entitled Ottramle aux 

 Vieillards de quelques Moy-n-> pour piolom:cr I;: 



TENOR, the name of the most conn, adult 



male voices, that which is between the extrcm 

 highest and lowest, or Conti.. \ TO] and ! 



[BASE- VOICE.] The compass of the Tenor is I'mtu i, the 

 second space in the biue, to o, the second line in the 

 treble. Example, in the tenor clef: 





Hence it will be seen that the tenor and treble are reci- 

 procally at the distance of an octave; consequently, what 

 is calculated for the one \oice, as relates to compass, will, 

 at a distance of eight notes, invariably suit the other. 



The word is derived from Teni'. /* li'ild : for in ;< 

 part -compositions, the plain-song, or air, if it may 1 

 denominated, was given to, or held by, the Tenor. [CtEK.] 



TENOH-CLKF is the c, or mean clef, placed on the fourth 

 line for the use of the tenor-voice. Example : 



It is also occasionally used for the violoncello : and the 

 part of the tenor trombone is written in this de:. 



TENOR is also the Knirlish name for a larger instrument 

 of the violin kind. See VIOLA. 



TENOS (Tijvoc), now Tino, a small island in the < ' 

 Archipelago lying to the south-east of Amlros, and be- 

 tween thiit island and Myconus, and 1'orming one of the 

 group called the Cycladcs. S. Nicolo, on its north < 

 is in :i7 'M' N. int. and 25" 1:V E. long. It is . 

 !."> miles lorn;, and its greatest length is from north- 

 west to south-east. It was antiently called Ih 

 because it was well watered (xarafrfivrov} :Steph. 

 By/ant., v. rijvoc ; Pliny. //.>/. A"'.. i\. IJ ; and (I; 

 i Strabo. ]). 487, ed. Casauh. , because it abounded in s> 

 In the time of the Persian invasion of Greece a T 

 trireme rendered good service to the Greeks by dc>i 

 from the enemy, and uivintr intelligence of their move- 

 ments immediately before the battle of Salamis iji.c. 480). 

 The name of the Tenians was in consequent i upon 



the tripod at Delphi in the list of states to whom ( 

 was indebted for the repulse of the invader. Herod., viii. 

 82.) Accord ins; to Pausanias tv. 2.'i the Tenians were 

 amonir MOM' names were inscribed on the it 



of Jupiter at Olympia, dedicated by the Greeks who 

 ibuirht at Platasa. The island paid tribute, to A: 

 durimr the lYloponncsiao war. :'] liucyil.. vii. "i7- ! I 1 

 taken, and the inhabitants enslaved by Alexander, tyrant, 

 of 1'liciic, B.C. :t(i~ Dcmosthen. in Polycl., 1207. !( 

 Clinton, Fusti llflli'ii., a. :i(i'J. In the ici^u of Til > 

 when the Roman senate instituted an inquiry into the 

 rights a::d privileges, attached to temples in the provinces 

 of the empire, the Tenians quoted an oracle of Apollo, by 

 which they had been commanded to consecrate a Maine 

 and temple to Neptune. (Tacitus, Annul. , in. 03. i Tins 

 temple was of considerable size, as appears from S 

 < p. 4H7), and on the coins of Tenos the trident of Neptune. 

 is a common type ; on the reverse there is usually a bunch 

 pet. The island is still celebrated for its wine, of 

 which about twenty sorts are grown. 



TKNHKC. Centttet, til.; Ci-iitfiim. Desm. : Sftigrr, 

 Geoff. The Tenrecs may be considered indeed they 

 been r iiogs with- 



out the power of rolling themselves up into a ball. They 

 weie not included in the 1 u r enus Kniim-riis of Linnifi 

 he left it, in his last edition of (hi- > hinr it he 



12th), but in the 13th (.Gmelm's) all the known *y 

 were included under that genus. Tliey have no tail, are 

 nocturnal I'or the most part in their habits, feed on ill- 

 he dormant durini: a considerable portion of the year, and 

 that durimr the hot season, and have the skin beset with 

 spines or spine-like bristles. 



