TKU 



their name is still prwcnred in many localities. The abori- 



of Sweden 



Ttrey fled towanls the north', but not without having their 



in the mountains of the Kja-lenand the Dovre Fjcld. 



dinavmns, Northmen, or Normans, became 



know '.ithcrn nations by their | 1 thev 



often leagued with the *- 



Clmrlemaitne and Wittekiud, the Danes n- 



Wittekind. who had married Gem, the daughter of their 



fried. As early as the beginning of the eiithth 



century the Danes and ,'l -red in the north of 



F.nitland ; in the beginning of the ninth century the Danes 



1 on the south-east coast of Ireland. Normans or 



I the Oiknevs before the end of the 



ninth century : in 801 they came to the Faroe Islands, and 



thev sent colonies to Iceland as early as 870. The northern 



parts of North America were known to these bold navi- 



- four ccntuiie- before the time of Columbus. Other 



Noi mainly, Apulia, Sicily, and the 



opposite coast of Africa. From the eighth century the 

 . who came from Norway and Sweden, pene- 



a and founded the Norman djnastv 

 . .hike- of l\i, n : r-omc of the first families of the 

 -lan nobility are of Norman origin. 



. .inquered the coast of Finland as early as 

 1 in great numbers in the districts of Abo 

 ami Nyland. Although Finland is chiefly inhabited by a 

 nation'of Finnish oriitin, and thonith it has become a Rus- 

 sian province, the Swedish language is the only language 

 ined for public acts and legal documents. [SC.VNDIN 



.] 



Suhni is one of the best authorities for the critical his- 

 tory of the Scandinavians. He has written in Danish on 

 iiL'in of the Scandinavians, on their mythology, a 

 critical history of Denmark, a history of Denmark, and 

 i-.il other work- concernini: this country. 

 Mtiller, in his AY//MfA' Kfiinu-n der Danim-hcn mid 



T E W 



v, and the citizens in 



Ili.\l'iriii If ilkui. iisiiini. contains an account of the exploits 

 and conquests of the Scandinavians in Russia. Italy, &c.) 

 nf the in<td"i-ii Tfiitunic languages and t/fir 



Dialects. 



\. \\\a\\ GERMAN LANGUAGES. 



(The German language as it is written or spoken by Un- 

 well-educated German-, belongs to the Hiith German lan- 

 guages, but is not a dialect.) 



A. Sii'ifiiii/i branch. 

 a. Sitiibiun suboidinate branch, containing the dialect- of 



1. Stiab . that i-. nf the Hlack Forest, of the Neckar, 

 and of the count n between the Danube and th 



2, liji-ariii, that is, "of the Alps, of Salzburg, and of the 

 Danube. 



:!. Tyrol, that is, of Vorarlberg, of the Inn, of the Etsch 



(Adige), and of the Puster-Tlml. 

 4. .!*/, , of the archduchy ol .fSty- 



ria, of Carinthia, of Carniola, of Southern Bohemia, and 

 of Moravia. 

 h. Ali ''-1111111 //if, subordinate branch. 



1. AH'-iii'iiiiiii-. commonly so called in the south-west 



IOC ol tile Hlaek Kole-t. 



_'. i -"/, that is, of Bern, of the Ober- 



land of Hern, ol \\alh-. of tlie country of the Grisons, 

 i of Appenzcll. 



; lii.ili > i c i KUas* (Alsace) and of Baden. 



!e liranch. i-ontaininc: the 

 dii, \V:ild, of part of th. : 



; 



It are Kenerally confounded with those of 

 tlie adjacent flat countries of Thiringia and the I 

 Palatinate, which belong to the Franconian branch. 



H. l-'riitirniiHiii branch. 



J, |, ' , ! tlie Middle 



Hhine. and of Southern Ilcwte. 



2. Dialects ofThiiriiii;ia, except the Thiiringer \Valcl, of 



1 nl the Kidisleld. 

 :i. Diali-c -I- ol I^iiraine and Luxemburg, which are much 



mixed with Low German. 



1, Dialect* of Upper Saxony, of Meissen, of the 1 

 birge, and of Lunatia. 



i )ialect of Northern Bohemia, of Silesia, and of part 

 of the German colonies in Hui' 



C, Dialects of the noble*, the < 



II. - 

 i'u branch, which the dialects of \ 



-hind, of Salerlai.d. of the islands aloiii: the Dutch 

 and I he (iennan coast, and of tl ilniig the. 



coast ol v 



B. Ltui' (Strmiin branch, divided into six - */. : 



1. i 'I /. ,. containing the dia: 



of Holstcin, of Hamburg, of Bremen, of Hrunsw . 

 of Hanover, of the country between the Harz and the 



id of the Mar-he.- with F.iL-t Frisia. 



-J. Oi II , \>/:/i, i/ni. wiih the dialects of l'])]ier Mianster- 

 land, of Lower Miinsterland, of Osnabriick. of the 

 I pp. r \\e-er, of Sauerland, of Mark, and of Eastern 

 Berg. 



3, Of the Ijnrfr Rhine between Neuwicd and Diisseldorf, 

 i -pecially the dialects of the Kiu I .<-, and of 



. \i\-la-Clmpcllc. 



1. Of the .\i'ltirr/iinJ*. containing the Dutch langiiace, 

 llie Flemish language, and the dialects of .luliri 

 Cleve, and of Geldern in Germany. 

 ."), The dialect of the Saxons in V'/vi//*////-.////'/. 



'if the antient II fitilixh countries, coloni/.cd li\ the 

 Saxons, containing the dialed- of Mcc!-. 

 Pomerania, of Brandenburg, of the Marks, and 

 Prussia. 



('. English branch. [S \xo\s: K M.I. AND.] 

 III. SCANDINAVIAN languages. 



A. Old Norman branch, containing the dialect- of tin- 

 mountaineers of Norway, tin- Icelandic language, and 

 the idiom of the Kara 1 islands. 



B. Danish branch, containing the Danish language, with 

 the dialect- of the island-, of Jutland, and of Northern 

 Sleswiit. and the modern Norwegian laiiiruaire. 



(.'. N//V(/I/I liranch, containimt tlie Swedish lanitiia^v, with 

 the dialects of Gothland, of Dalecarlia, of Stockholm 

 and the adjacent country, of Finland, and of the Aland 

 i-lands. 

 (Adelung und Yater, MitJiridutes ; Ballii. At I ax Ethnn- 



gnijihiqiif : Ober-Miillcr, Atlas BtMO-gtognfUlfi 



of, Paris, 1)1. 



TEVEKO'NE. [PAPAL STATES.] 

 TEVIOTDALK. [RoxBmnmnuk] 



TEWKE8BURY, an antient market-t.-iwn and municipal 

 and pailiamentary boroutth in the north-western part ot 

 (iloneestershire. close to the borders of Worcestershire. 

 9 miles from Gloucester and 10:t from London. It is situ- 

 ated on the eastern bank of the Avon, near its junction 

 with the Severn: and tin- small ri\ ers( .'arron and Swilgate, 

 which arc tributaries of the Avon, flow through tlie jian-h. 

 The immediate neiithliourhood of the town is subject to 

 floods. Within half a mile of the town i- a handsome 

 iron bridge of one arch, 17- feet span, over the Severn; 

 and there is an antient bridge of several arches over the 

 Avon, with a causeway leading from it to tlie above-men- 

 tioned iron briditc. The ( 'arron is crossed by a stone 

 bridge, and 1U,- Sui'u'ii'e by two. The parish extends 

 about 4 miles from muth to south, and its width varies 

 from 2(HI yards in the northern part, to 'J miles, its ex- 

 treme breadth. Immediately to the north of the town 

 the width of the parish is only half a mile. Here the 

 Avon has been diverted by an artificial cutting i 

 New Avon, or Mill Avon. The parish contains ls:Xl 



with the hamlets of Soiithwick in the southern 

 and that of Mythe in the northern part. Tcwkcsbury is a 

 borough 1; 'ion: it received its first charter ot 



incorporation from Queen Elizabeth in 1574. By the 

 chatter of William 111., granted in 1698, the jurisdiction 

 of the borough magistrates was extended OM r the \ 

 of the paiish. It has returned two members to parliament 

 since the 7 .lames 1. Before the passing of the Reform 

 Act. parts of the town, particularly on the eastward, 

 not comprised within the limits of the parliamentary 

 borouith. but the whole parish is now included. The riirht 

 of \otmir was formerly in the freemen and biiritsiite holders, 

 and inhabitants payinit scot and lot. The number of elec- 

 tors on the parliamentary register in i 109, includ- 

 ing Hi) who possessed double qualiti- and of the 

 former number. 'J.W \ vd at !()/. 

 and upwards. The town is not divided into municipal 

 The corporate body consists of a inavor. tour 

 aldermen, and twelve councillors. The old corporation 



