THE 



307 



THE 



)*oscia dentata, reduced one-third. 

 1, Anteimary region ; 2, external jaw-foot 



Feet nearly of the same form as in the preceding genera. 

 (M. E.) ' 



Example, Tnchodactylus quadratus, the only known 

 species. Length about 1 inch. 



Locality. Brazil . 



M. Milne Edwards is of opinion that this species esta- 

 blishes the passage between the preceding genera and the 

 tribe of Grapsoid/ans. [GRAPSUS.] 



Mr. W. S. MacLcay, in his interesting paper ' On the 

 Brachyurous Decapods of the Cape' (Smiths Illustrations 

 nf the Zoology nf South Afrira), in a note to the sixteenth 

 species (Thelphitsa perlata, M. E.), remarks that this ciab 

 is common in all the rivers of Southern Africa, and grows 

 to the size of nearly three inches long. 'The male. 

 Mr. W. MacLeay in continuation, 'has a much more con- 

 vex shell than the female, and in aspect resembles much a 

 Gegarcinut. The pearly tubercles of the anterior margin 

 of the shell are also still more small and evanescent than 

 in the female. I may take this occasion to observe, that 

 in my cabinet I separate those species of Thflpkumi which, 

 like the present, have a tiansversal crest in front of the 

 shell, and call them Pntninn>ii< i///v. They are easily dis- 

 tinguished from true Thi-ljihu.ifp, of which the type is the 

 European species Thflphusajli 



THELWALL, JOHN, son of Joseph Thelwall, a silk- 

 mercer, was bom on the 27th July, 1764, in Chandos-street, 

 (Jo\ent Garden, London. He was the youngest of three 

 children, two sons and a daughter. At an early agf h<> 

 manifested so much talent for drawing, that he was in- 

 tended for an artist, but his father's decease chuugcd hi.-, 

 prospects before he had completed his ninth year. He 

 received the ordinary education of a tradesman's son, but 

 was rather slow in acquiring knowledge and was re- 

 moved from school at thirteen years of age, his attain- 

 must. necessarily have been limited. 



The widow continued to carry on her deceased hus- 

 band's business, and placed her son John in the shop, 

 where he remained time' yean, but spent his time chiefly 

 i'i rending, winch was of a miscellaneous character, con- 

 :g of poetry, history, the drama, moral philosophy, 



.<, and divinity. A distaste for the bn- 

 joined to family discord, induced him to leave it, and al- 

 though he earnestly desired to be an artist or an actor, 

 he yielded to his mother, who apprenticed him to a tailor, 

 with whom however he remained only a short time. At 

 the suirge-tion of Mr. Holt of the Chancery bar, who had 

 (1 his MM IT, lie turned his attention to the law, but 

 ral years' study he abandoned it in consequence 

 of doubts arising in his mind on the morality of a hired 

 advocate pleading to support a cause rather than to dis- 

 cover the truth ; and now, in his 22nd year, he embraced 

 literature as a profession. 



!7S7 he published by subscription poems on several 

 subjects, iu 2vols., which introduced him to some valuable 

 friendships and to the editorship of a magazine. He was 

 now a rising and prosperous man, and on the 27th July, 

 1791, he manicd Miss Susan Vellum, of Rutlandshire, 

 Mien 17 years of age. He took a house near the 

 Borough I -.id ardently studied anatomy, phy- 



siology, and chemistry, under Mr. Cline, Dr. Haighton, 

 and Dr. Babington. 



He began his. career as an orator, before he was twenty 



years of age, at the Society of Free Debate held at Coach 

 makers' Hall. He had been educated a churchman in re- 

 ligion and a tory in politics, but on both subjects his opi- 

 nions were changing, and he now joined in the political 

 struggles of the period by becoming a member of the Cor- 

 responding Society, where his boldness and fluency of 

 speech attracted the notice of the leading men of the 

 day. With Thomas Hardy and John Home Tooke [HoRNE 

 TOOKE] he was tried for high treason, and acquitted. 

 Thelwall's trial lasted five days. On his acquittal he lec- 

 tured on politics and political history for several years, 

 when, after a retirement of two years in Wales, made in 

 order to disconnect himself from public affairs and to 

 escape from extra-judicial persecution, he began his career 

 in 1801 as a lecturer and tutor in elocution, and in the 

 application of elocutionary science to the cure of stam- 

 mering and other impediments to speech. His know- 

 ledge of anatomy and physiology, his habits of recitation, 

 his practice of public speaking, and his accuracy of ob- 

 servation, eminently qualified him for his new profession, 

 and his success was great. He communicated papers to 

 the 'Medical and Physical Journal,' on defective and diffi- 

 cult utterance, and to the ' Monthly Magazine,' on elocu- 

 tion and its kindred sciences. 



In 1816 Mrs. Thelwall died, leaving a family of four 

 children, two of whom are sons, and both are in the church. 

 Mr. Thelwall afterwards married Miss Cecil Boyle, by 

 whom he has left one son. He died at Bath after a few 

 hours' illness, of disease of the heart, to which he had been 

 long subject, on the 17th February, 1834, in his 70th year. 



The researches of Steele, Herries, and Walker, on human 

 speech, had left little room for new and brilliant dis- 

 covery, although much accurate observation was yet 

 necessary to give exactness and fulness to their know- 

 ledge. Thelwall, unaware of Steele's researches, found 

 himself anticipated on rhythmus. Steele had given the 

 inquiry a musical direction, which Thelwall ardently fol- 

 low ed out, and the extent and precision of his observa- 

 tions may be estimated by the fact that he anticipated 

 nearly all that is new and valuable in Dr. Rush's 'Philo- 

 sophy of the Human Voice.' Mr. Thelwall's immature 

 ideas were first sketched out in the syllabus of his lectures 

 on elocution. 



Thelwall was of a mild and amiable disposition, of domes- 

 tic habits, open-hearted and generous, of high moral feeling, 

 and of inflexible integrity. His sentiments were exalted 

 by poetic feeling, and he was buoyed up by hope. 



Besides magazine contributions and pamphlets, he wrote 

 poems on several subjects, in 2 vols., already mentioned; 

 ' Poems written in the Tower and in Newgate,' 1 vol. ; ' The 

 Tribune,' 3 vols., and ' Political Miscellanies,' 1 vol. ; ' A 

 Letter to Mr. Cline, on Stammering,' 1 vol. ; 'The Peripa- 

 tetic,' 3 vols. ; and a novel, entitled ' The Daughter of Adop- 

 tion.' 



THE'MKON. [FORAMINIFERA, vol. x., p. 348.] 



THEMIS (el/itc), a Greek divinity, was, according to 

 Hesiod and Apollodorus, a daughter of Uranus (Heaven) 

 and Gaca (Earth), or, according to Tzetzes, a daughter of 

 Helios. She was a favourite of Zeus, and bore him several 

 d;i ughters, the Horae, Eunomia, Dice, Eirene, and the 

 Mocrae. (Hesiod, T/icog., 135, 001, &c. ; Apollodorus, i. 



3, 1.) These personified abstractions, which are repre- 

 sented as her daughters, show the ideas which the antients 

 had formed of her character, and consistently with these 

 ideas she appears in Homer as a personification of the 

 order of things sanctioned by usage or by law, and as the 

 goddess who rules in the assemblies of the people. (Homer, 

 Or///*.?., ii. 68, &c.) According to the same poet she 

 lived with the other great gods in Olympus, was on good 

 terms with Hera, and occasionally assembled the gods at 

 the command of Zeus. (Homer, Iliad, xv. 87, &c. ; xx. 



4, &c.) Diodorus (v. 67) states that she was believed to 

 have made men acquainted with the will of the gods, the 

 mode of their worship, and to have instituted laws, reli- 

 gious as well as civil. As a deity revealing the future .-lie 

 was believed to have been in possession of the Delphic 

 oracle after her mother Gaea, and previous to the time 

 that it came into the hands of Apollo, whence the act of 

 giving an oracle was, even in later times, frequently called 

 by a word derived from her name (QtiuaTtimv'), She was 

 worshipped as the goddess of law and order in various parts 

 of Greece, as at Thebes, Olympia, Athens, Tanagra, and 

 Troezen. She is frequently represented on coins in a form 



2R2 



