] II I 



810 



T ii i: 



bren saved through his wisdom and resolution, lint the 



awarded to him 

 he went. : 

 ;is say*, to be honoured. .1 a chop 



.i-d which they had he-town! upon 

 tlu-ir own admiral, Eurybiades, and the l-st eh;iriot that 

 the city po-css,'d. and on hi-, return IKK) kiiiu'!.' 

 him a- i Arcadia. 



\Vliea the IYi-io.ii arm;, had liee-i sixain di 

 Platii-a- and Mycolc, in K, i when the Athenian.- 



had rehnilt tlieir private dwell) 

 the advice of Theini-toclcs. to restore the fortr, 



lie than they had lieen before, 

 . ith the proud position which the 

 city i This plan c\cit 



anil i> I lie ri\al states, and especially of Sparta. 



which sent an cmlms.-y to Athens, iind under the veil of 

 Miip, which ill concealed its selfish policy, 



i '.ic Athenians not to fortify their city. 



:i their designs, undertook 



the task ! them with their own weapons. He 



itrymen to dismiss the Spartan an: 

 dors, and to promise that Athenian cmoys should 1> 

 to Sparta to treat with tliem there respecting the fortifi- 

 ! le himself ollercd to go a.s one of the envoys, 

 but he directed the Athenians not to let his colleague- 

 follow him, until the walls, on which all hands should be 

 employed during his absence, should be raised to such 

 a height as to all'ord sufficient protection against any 

 t might be made upon them. His advice \vas 

 followed, and Tlicmi-tocles, after his arrival at Sparta, 

 took no steps towards opening the negotiations, but pre- 

 tended that he was obliged to wait for the arrival of his 

 colleagues. When he was informed that the walls had 

 reached a sufficient height, and when he could drop the 

 i- the Spartans a \vell-deser\ed 



rebuke, returned home, and the walls were completed 

 without any hindrance. He then proceeded to carry into 

 effer 'him: which remained to be done to make 



Athens the first maritime power of Greece. He induced 

 the Athenians to fortify the three ports of Phalerum, Mu- 

 nychia, and Pira>us, by a double ransre of walls, and to 

 connect the Piraeus by long walls with the city of Athens. 

 [ATHENS.] 



When Athens was thus raised to the station on which it 

 had been the ambition of Themistocles to place it, his star 

 bcLMn to sink, though he still continued for some time to 

 enjoy the fruits of his memorable deeds. He was conscious 

 of th - he had done to his country, and never 



scrupled to show that he knew his own value. His ex- 

 tortion and avarice, which made him ready to do anything, 

 and by which he accumulated extraordinary wealth, could 

 not fail to raise enemies against him. But what perhaps 

 contributed more to his downfall was his constant watch- 

 fulness in maintaining and promoting the interc 

 Athens against the encroachments of Sparta, which, in its 

 turn, was ever looking out for an opportunity to crush him. 

 The great men who had grown up by his side at A 

 such as Cimon, and who were no less indebted to him for 

 their greatness in the eyes of Greece than to their own 

 talents, were his natural rivals, and succeeded in gradually 

 supplanting him in the favour of the people. Thev also 

 endeavoured to represent him as a man of too much , 

 and as dan 'he republic. The consequence of all 



this was, that in 472 u.c. 1. ; from Ath 



the .1 lenoe at AUTOS, where 



he wa- still rc.-idini: when, in the same year n.t:. 172, Pan- 

 baa i as was put to death ;i - amhitio, 



; ;is fate involved that ol'Thcmis- 

 rcll to 



tiie plot, of I'ausaiuas, found a 

 of Themistocles, from which it wase\ident. that he 

 had b anted uiih i. Tliis v.:: 



for the Spartans to ground upon it the charge that Themis- 

 tocles had been an a ime, and ai: 

 dora wen- forthwith \lhciw to demand that he 

 should suffer the same punishment as 1 ' This 

 charge was no : 



ery 01 his letter had been to th 

 con>equently Issued to arrest and convey him 

 'hens. But he had been informed in tini' 



' V.I ,8 that his destruction 



wo: if he should fall into the hands of 



Ills enemies, he fled I. to the opp 



nielus. kin;; of the M On his arrival, the kinc 



t, but his queen Phthia received bun ki 

 and pointed out to him in what manner lie nni;h', win 

 suiipothy of Admetus. When the kint; ret'iincd 1 

 Them: ad on the hearth :: the child 



of Admehis in his arms, implored the king not to d 

 him up to his pe: ; him to li 



the M d that Thenii-' 



joined by his wife and children. The kirn; not. 

 giantcd Iiis request, but jirovidcd him with the me;' 

 leaching th be intern! 



.iirt of thi' 



of Persia, l-'iom P\dna he sailed in a merchant ship to 

 the CO ia Uinor. At Knhe-'.o h. 



part of his piopcrty as his friends had 



i:om the hands of h. 



with that which he had lei' A few n: 



his arrival in A- 



ler a short led by Ai: Vaii- 



ous adventure-, are told of Then. .idled 



the residence of the Persian king. On his arrival he 

 sent him a letter, in which he acknowledged the evils lie 

 had inflicted upon his predecessor, b time 



('.aimed the merit of having saved him from .m by 



his timely advice. He added that his prc-ent c\i!i 

 only the consequence of h .1 for the i 



the kiiiL; of Pcisia. He di .i i immediale in- 



terview with the king, as he was yet unacquainted with the 

 language and th. f the I'er-ians, to acquire which 



he requested a year's time. During t! 1 he applied 



himself so zealously and with sin- 

 that at the close of the year, when he 



kiiiir. he is .-aid to have excited the jealousy of the 

 courtiers, and was most kindly i hy the king, to 



whom he held out prospect- 



nice. The kins- became so attached to him, that 

 Themistoeles >vas always in his company. Alter he had 

 spent several years at the court. I 

 Minor, to wait there for au opportunity of earn in. 

 promises into effect. A pension w;i- 

 nim after the Oriental fashion: three towns were ixivcn 

 him, of which Magnesia on the Maeaudcr was to ]u 

 him with bread, M\ns with meal, and Lampsacus with 

 wine. He took ii]> hi in the first of th 



where he lived with a sort of princely rank. But death 

 overtook him at the I /ore any of his 



plans were carried into effect. Most (: f the ancient v. 

 state that he put an cud to his life by poison, 

 inir to another stiamre stor\ . by drinking the blood of a 

 bull, because he despaired of l/einu; able U) fulfil hi 

 miss's to the king. The motive for In-, suici 

 qtiestionab, -ions on his past life and upi 



glory of his former rivals at Athens are min-h more likely 

 to have rendered him 1 with life. 



the poison he is said to h;: 

 \ey In 'i Attica, 



tomb which .in them existed in Pi' 



In the market-place of Mnu'ii' ulul monument 



\ to his memory, and his descendants in that 



by certain |iri\ 

 down to the tin 



(Hei . : viii. 4, 6;<-. ; Thin 



I I, I:!."!, \..-. : I'lnlareh. T, 

 'J. ! J. \.e. : ( '. 



i :drlwall. llixlnn/ f < . 



THEMISTO'G 



TlIK.NAliDlTK - dnAy drou* Sulphate tfStxla 

 lized. 1'iimary form a ihrht rhombic prism ; > 

 air.c parallel to the ])rimnry planes: colour white <,, 

 dish ; transparent ; transluci :e ; solnb i 



". ilv 27.'!. 

 It occuis in <;_', -lalline ( oaliiiirs at the bo 



n Mai'rid : it m of 



carbonate of snda. Aceonlim; ' 



d of 

 Sulphate of s< . . !)!)7s 



100- 

 TRENT'S, Dr. Leach's name for a genus of macrurons 



