T II 1 





T II I 



bout 1230. in disguise to learn how men spoke <>r him. 



lit- hail no friends. About tins time there 



between tin 1 ii i" Paris and 



tin- papal legate, and, the queen supporting the legate, 'In- 

 wild stud. ::'.- iiinde and sang ribald song* attributing this 

 report to a guilty passion Tor his peraon. In times oi' ci\ il 



crally found that parties otlu 



totally unconnected cati-li up mid spread each others' lies 

 when it wit* their purpose. Tin- queen, tin- legate, and 



unt of Champagne were all unpopular; the disso- 



ndent.s had circulated imputations against the chastity 

 ot'llie two Ibrmer; and the interference ol'thc king to pre- 

 vent the marriage of the last -mentioned with the dugnter 

 of the duke of Hrctagne would, under such circumstances, 

 be easily intciprctcd into a plot of the queen-mother to 



him for herself. It was amongst the students that 

 the first story was invented, and that is the quarter whence 



.ew of Paris most probably obtained much of his in- 



.tiuri regarding French affairs. 



In li>2 Thibaiit married a daughter of Archambaud 

 VI II. ui liourbon. In April, 1234. h succeeded to the 

 throne of Navarre, on the death of Sancho the Strong. In 

 liSKi he quarrelled with Saint Louis about the ten: 

 lie had ceded to the king at the time of the arrangement 

 with the queen of Cyprus, representing them as merely 

 transferred to the king in security for the money he ad- 



,1, while the latter asserted that they had been sold 

 to him for that sum. It came to blows, and Thibaut was 

 beaten. 



In 1239 Thibaut took the cross, and set out at the head 

 of an expedition to the Holy Land. He displayed none of 

 the talents of a general. Unable to procure ships to 

 transport his fortes to the scene of action, he marched 

 through Hungary and Thrace. Arrived in the neighbour- 

 hood of Byzantium, his treasure was so completely ex- 

 pended, that his followers had to support themselves by 

 plunder. In an engagement near C'acsarca the division 

 of the army under his immediate command was beaten, 

 although the other was victorious, lie got involved in 

 the defiles of Taurus, and lost two-thirds of his men. 

 Lastly, at the final defeat near Ascalon, he fled inglorious!^ 

 before the battle was ended, leaving his followers to their 

 fate. 



He returned to Pampeluna, which he had made his 

 capital, in 1242, and died in 1253, having done nothing 

 worthy of notice in the interim, leaving a widow and six 

 children. 



The poems attributed to Thibaut are in number sixty- 

 xix, and there appears no reason for questioning the 

 authenticity of any of them. Thirty-eight aro devoted to 

 the expression of passionate complaints and ecstasies; 

 three recount his amorous adventures with peasant-girls; 

 twelve are what may be called rhymed law-cases in mat- 

 ter* of love ; the rest are exhortations to engage in the 

 Crusade, or invectives against the immorality of the age. 

 The passion of the amorous poems is not very intense : 

 there scarcely needed the lew lines appended to most of 

 them, addressed to some brother-troubadour, to show that 

 they an- men' displays of the author's cleverness. The 

 cages for the Court of Love are ingenious and insignificant, 

 like all other compositions of that kind. The fifty-fourth 

 song, an exhortation to join the Crusade, is spirited. The 



fifth, in which the God of Christian- is compared to 

 the pelican feeding its young with its blood, is charac- 



d by a blended tone of toleration and enthusiasm. 

 In the sixty-sixth he starts a theory that the law of (Jod 

 is ripe ana wholesome fruit, and 'that Adam sinned by 

 .g unripe fruit. Thihant's versification is correct and 

 sweet. There is a spirit of generosity about his poems 

 that is creditable to himself: the neatness and finish ot 

 his verses are more attributable to the degree of perfection 

 to which the art had been previously carried by others 

 than to the author's own talents. Altogether his literary 

 productions leave a more favourable impression of }\\< 

 character than the part he played as a warrior and politi- 

 cian. There is tergiversation and something worse in his 

 public conduct, but the disposition evinced by his writings 

 led to the conclusion that he sinned more through want 

 of firm nem than from ill-will. 



Po'ftif* du Roy d Nurarrr, par Levesque de la 

 JUvahere, Pari-. 17 IJ. 12mo; //;. J, Lnys, IX. 



Ju nvm, liny de France, par Messirc Jean, Sire de Joinville ; 



par M.Claude Menard, '. 1'aii-. Kil7. 



l.ilin I'/.. Hasilm Johannc Herede 



authore. liasiliae. l.'iOi, !.!.: H.tyle: Morcri ; and Hiugra- 

 : ln> I tin : r*> !!<. in voce ' Thib.. 



TI1IKKT. [TIIIKT.] 



TIIIEL, or TIKL. is the chief town of a district in the 

 province of (ieldcrland in the kingdom of the Netherlands. 

 It is situated in 51 THr 1 N. lat. and .V 2C' K. long., on the 

 river Waal, about !."> miles from Nimcgcn, in 

 called the Bctnwe. which is celebrated for its fertility. 

 The town of Thiel contains 5000 inhabitants ; the district 

 of which it is the chief place. -ls.2(K). The chi. 

 tionsof the inhabitant 'lure and the 1 



cattle; they ha\ e also manufactures ol w oolleii, linen. 

 water-colours. (Stein, Lexicon ; Has&cl ; Cannabich.) 



THIKI.KN. .IAN I'HII.II' \ ,-hlin 



in 1018. He was of a noble family, and lord of t'owcn- 

 burg. Though hi- received an education suitable t. 

 rank, and was instructed in every bianeh of polite . 

 ture, his predilection for the art of painting induced him 

 to become a disciple of Daniel So gen.. 



Having voluntarily placed himself under so able an in- 

 structor, his improvement, as might have been 

 was rapid. His subjects were usually in the 

 garlands of flowers, with some historical design in 

 centre, or festoons twining round vases enriched with 

 representations in bas-relief. He alv. [ na- 



ture, and chose his flowers in the entire perlection of their 

 beautv, grouping them with great taste. His pictm> 

 very highly finished, with a light touch, perhap- 

 spiritcd than the works of Segers : but it is sufficient 

 praise to say that his performances rivalled those of his 



He was much employed by Philip IV., king of Spain, 

 and most of his finest performances are (or at least were*) 

 in the Spanish royal collection. Two of his capital pie- 

 were at Mechlin ; they represented garlands and 

 flowers, and many insects of different kinds on the l> 

 all finished with exquisite delicacy. The figure of St. 

 Bernard is in the centre of the one, and that ol St. A 

 in the other. Weycrmann also highly commends 

 which has in the centre a nymph sleeping, watched by a 

 satvr, the figures being painted by Poelenil 



Von Thielen seldom inscribed his name on any of his 

 works; he generally marked them .1. or P. ( 'onweiiburg. 



THIELT is the chief town of the district ol the same 

 name in the province of West Flanders, in the kingdom of 

 Belgium. It is about 15 mile* south-wed of Urugi 

 the road from Ghent to Dixnindcn. Thielt is a cheerful 

 town, with two churches, 1700 houses, amor.;; -Ahieh are 

 many handsome modern buildings, and rj.lXKl inhabitants, 

 and is the chief market for the (lax-trade of Flanders. At 

 the weekly market there is a great sale for linen, corn, 

 cattle, and' butter. The inhabitants h;i\f H Mish- 



inents for bleaching wax and linen, six breweries, and 

 many flourishing manufactories. There are an 

 several literary societies, a musical society, and s* 



Ii. [ Fi. \Mn.iis', \\KST.] 



Stein. / i 'atmabich, Ishrhiirh ; Hoffmann, 



/)ri/t.M-/i/nint mill xi-ini' /Ifim/nii'i; \ol. iii.) 



THIKKS, a town in France, capital of an anondisseinent 

 in the department of Puy de Dome, 27.i miles from I'.uis 

 by \e\iTs. Moidins, and Koanne, Hud 24 from Clcmiont- 

 Ferrand, the capital of the department : it is in 4.V 51' \. 

 lat. and 3* :t:i' K. long. Thiers originated in the middle 

 There was a stiong castle here in the earlier periods 

 of the French monarchy , which became under the feudal 

 system the head of one of the principal fiefs of Anvirgne. 

 The town stands on the crest and side of a hill sloping 

 down to the northern or right bank of the Durole, a little 

 stream flowing into the Dore, which itself flows into the 

 Allier. It is in a picturesque situation, amid wild so 

 and commanded byloftyand well-wooded hills on the north, 

 down the side of which the road from Lyon to Thiers runs 

 by a remarkably steep slope. The houses at this cut , 



So mny valuable picture! wore carried off or drtlrm isl. not nn\\ 

 the Fn-nc h <Mv;ijt,,tiitn, luit in thr diiordiT* of lat year*, that it ii li(Firnlt t> 

 prnk |>iitively. Tbiu the Frrnch king, I 



IhaChcialicr Tuylor loS|wiii to|i icn Ilin rxn of 



tho popular* wa ilirfciiil n^in*i '> Tlio chevalln .1 - ,i.[iti;l/ 



s|in. atul pun-hum) Imn i n-litref; many 



of oliii-h ir IhiTfliy M\M| friMn ( hrhpr Taylor in)* 



Dial hr uw MOM finv jitcturM by I'aul VCIUUOM dotroyed, in ipitc of hl> 

 entreaUra and ooen to parchaw lliora. 



